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Daim ntawv qhia qhov kawg rau Fiber Optic Cables: Basics, Techniques, Practices & Tips

Fiber optic cables muab kev tsim kho lub cev ua kom muaj cov ntaub ntawv ceev ceev rau kev sib txuas lus, kev sib txuas lus, thiab kev sib txuas ntawm cov ntawv thov. Kev nce qib hauv fiber ntau thev naus laus zis tau nce bandwidth thiab kev muaj peev xwm nyob deb thaum txo qhov loj me thiab tus nqi, tso cai rau kev siv dav dua los ntawm kev siv xov tooj ntev mus rau cov chaw zov me nyuam thiab cov hauv nroog ntse.

Qhov kev pabcuam hauv qhov tob no piav qhia txog fiber ntau optic cables los ntawm sab hauv tawm. Peb yuav tshawb nrhiav yuav ua li cas kho qhov muag fiber ntau los qhia cov ntaub ntawv qhia siv lub teeb, cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau singlemode thiab multimode fibers, thiab cov hom cable nrov raws li fiber ntau suav, txoj kab uas hla, thiab kev npaj siv. Nrog bandwidth xav tau loj hlob exponentially, xaiv qhov tsim nyog fiber optic cable raws li lub network yuav tsum tau nyob deb, cov ntaub ntawv tus nqi, thiab durability yog qhov tseem ceeb rau yav tom ntej-proof connectivity.

Yuav kom nkag siab txog fiber ntau optic cables, peb yuav tsum pib nrog cov fiber ntau optical strands-nyias filaments ntawm iav los yog yas uas coj teeb pom kev zoo los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm tag nrho cov kev xav sab hauv. Lub hauv paus, cladding, thiab txheej uas muaj xws li txhua fiber strand txiav txim siab nws modal bandwidth thiab daim ntawv thov. Ntau cov fiber ntau yog bundled rau hauv xoob raj, nruj-buffered, los yog tis cables rau routing fiber txuas ntawm endpoints. Cov khoom sib txuas xws li cov khoom sib txuas, cov vaj huam sib luag, thiab kho vajtse muab kev sib txuas rau cov cuab yeej thiab cov txhais tau tias yuav rov kho cov fiber ntau network raws li xav tau.

Kev txhim kho kom raug thiab txiav tawm ntawm fiber ntau optic cabling yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo thiab kev txawj ntse kom txo qis thiab ua kom pom cov teeb liab kis tau zoo. Peb yuav npog cov txheej txheem kev txiav tawm ib txwm siv rau singlemode thiab multimode fibers siv cov khoom sib txuas nrov xws li LC, SC, ST, thiab MPO. Nrog rau kev paub txog cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws, cov kws kho mob tshiab tuaj yeem ntseeg siab tsim thiab siv cov tes hauj lwm fiber ntau rau kev ua haujlwm siab thiab ua kom muaj zog.

Txhawm rau xaus, peb tham txog kev txiav txim siab rau kev npaj fiber ntau optic tes hauj lwm thiab txoj hauv kev uas tuaj yeem hloov kho los txhawb kev xav tau bandwidth yav tom ntej. Kev taw qhia los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij kev lag luam muab kev nkag siab ntxiv rau tam sim no thiab cov qauv tshiab uas cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm fiber ntau hauv kev sib txuas lus, cov ntaub ntawv chaw thiab cov nroog ntse hauv nroog.

Cov Lus Nquag Nug (FAQ)

Q1: Dab tsi yog fiber ntau optic cable?

A1: Fiber optic cables yog tsim los ntawm ib los yog ntau dua optical fibers, uas yog nyias strands ntawm iav los yog yas uas muaj peev xwm xa cov ntaub ntawv siv lub teeb teeb liab. Cov cables no yog siv rau kev sib txuas lus ceev thiab ntev, muab cov ntaub ntawv xa mus sai dua piv rau cov khoom siv tooj liab.

Q2: Fiber optic cables ua haujlwm li cas?

A2: Fiber optic cables xa cov ntaub ntawv siv pulses ntawm lub teeb los ntawm nyias strands ntawm optically ntshiab iav los yog yas fibers. Cov fibers no nqa cov teeb liab lub teeb hla qhov deb nrog cov teeb liab tsawg tsawg, muab kev sib txuas lus ceev thiab txhim khu kev qha.

Q3: Yuav ua li cas yog fiber optic cables ntsia?

A3: Fiber optic cables tuaj yeem ntsia tau los ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev, xws li rub lossis thawb cov cables los ntawm cov kav dej lossis cov kav dej, kev teeb tsa dav hlau siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob lossis cov yees, lossis ncaj qha faus rau hauv av. Cov txheej txheem kev teeb tsa yog nyob ntawm yam xws li ib puag ncig, kev ncua deb, thiab cov kev cai tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov project. Fiber optic cable installation yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb kev txawj ntse thiab khoom siv, tab sis nws tsis tas yuav nyuaj. Kev cob qhia kom raug thiab kev paub txog cov txheej txheem kev teeb tsa, xws li fiber ntau splicing lossis txuas txuas, yog qhov tseem ceeb. Nws raug nquahu kom koom nrog cov kws tshaj lij lossis cov kws tshaj lij uas tau lees paub rau kev teeb tsa kom ntseeg tau tias kev tuav tau zoo thiab ua haujlwm zoo.

Q4: Dab tsi yog qhov lifespan ntawm fiber ntau optic cables?

A4: Fiber optic cables muaj lub neej ntev, feem ntau ntawm 20 txog 30 xyoo lossis ntau dua. Lawv paub txog lawv cov durability thiab tsis kam rau degradation nyob rau lub sijhawm.

Q5: Ntev npaum li cas fiber optic cables xa cov ntaub ntawv?

A5: Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm fiber ntau optic cables nyob ntawm ntau yam, xws li hom fiber ntau, cov ntaub ntawv tus nqi, thiab cov khoom siv network siv. Ib hom fibers tuaj yeem xa cov ntaub ntawv ntev dua, feem ntau yog li ntawm ob peb mais mus rau ntau pua kilometers, thaum cov fibers multimode haum rau luv luv, feem ntau nyob rau hauv ob peb puas meters.

Q6: Cov fiber ntau optic puas tuaj yeem txuas lossis txuas?

A6: Yog lawm, fiber ntau optic cables tuaj yeem txuas lossis txuas. Fusion splicing thiab mechanical splicing feem ntau yog siv cov txheej txheem los koom ob lossis ntau dua fiber ntau cables ua ke. Splicing tso cai rau nthuav cov tes hauj lwm, txuas cables, los yog kho cov khoom puas.

Q7: Cov fiber ntau optic puas siv tau rau ob lub suab thiab cov ntaub ntawv xa mus?

A7: Yog lawm, fiber ntau optic cables tuaj yeem nqa ob lub suab thiab cov ntaub ntawv teeb liab ib txhij. Lawv feem ntau yog siv rau kev sib txuas hauv internet ceev, video streaming, telecommunication networks, thiab suab-over-IP (VoIP) daim ntawv thov.

Q8: Dab tsi yog qhov zoo ntawm fiber ntau optic cables ntawm tooj liab cables?

A8: Fiber optic cables muaj ntau qhov zoo dua li cov kab tooj liab, suav nrog:

Ntau dua bandwidth: Fiber optics tuaj yeem xa cov ntaub ntawv ntau dua qhov ntev dua piv rau cov cables tooj liab.
Kev tiv thaiv rau electromagnetic cuam tshuam: Fiber optic cables tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm electromagnetic teb, kom ntseeg tau cov ntaub ntawv xa mus.
Txhim khu kev ruaj ntseg: Fiber optics nyuaj rau coj mus rhaub rau hauv, ua rau lawv muaj kev nyab xeeb dua rau kev xa cov ntaub ntawv rhiab heev.
Lub teeb thiab nyias: Fiber optic cables yog sib dua thiab nyias, ua rau lawv yooj yim rau nruab thiab tuav.

Q9: Puas yog tag nrho cov fiber ntau optic cables tib yam?

A9: Tsis yog, fiber ntau optic cables tuaj nyob rau hauv ntau hom thiab configuration kom tau raws li ntau yam kev thov. Ob hom tseem ceeb yog tib hom thiab multimode cables. Single-mode cables muaj cov tub ntxhais me me thiab tuaj yeem xa cov ntaub ntawv ntev dua, thaum cov kab hluav taws xob multimode muaj cov tub ntxhais loj dua thiab txhawb nqa luv dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau cov qauv tsim los ua kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb, xws li xoob-tube, nruj-buffered, lossis ribbon cables.

Q10: Puas yog fiber ntau optic cables muaj kev nyab xeeb?

A10: Fiber optic cables feem ntau muaj kev nyab xeeb los daws. Tsis zoo li tooj liab cables, fiber optic cables tsis nqa hluav taws xob tam sim no, tshem tawm cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm hluav taws xob poob siab. Txawm li cas los xij, yuav tsum tau ceev faj kom tsis txhob raug mob qhov muag los ntawm lub teeb laser siv los kuaj lossis kho. Nws raug nquahu kom hnav cov khoom tiv thaiv tus kheej tsim nyog (PPE) thiab ua raws li cov lus qhia kev nyab xeeb thaum ua haujlwm nrog fiber ntau cables.

Q11: Puas tuaj yeem hloov kho lub network qub rau fiber ntau optic cables?

A11: Yog lawm, network infrastructure uas twb muaj lawm tuaj yeem hloov kho mus rau fiber ntau optic cables. Qhov no tej zaum yuav hloov los yog retrofitting tooj liab-raws li systems nrog fiber optic khoom. Kev hloov mus rau fiber ntau optics muab kev ua tau zoo dua qub thiab muaj peev xwm ua pov thawj yav tom ntej, ua kom muaj peev xwm ua tau raws li qhov kev xav tau ntawm kev loj hlob bandwidth ntawm kev sib txuas lus niaj hnub.

Q12: Puas yog fiber ntau optic cables tiv thaiv ib puag ncig?

A12: Fiber optic cables yog tsim los tiv thaiv ntau yam ib puag ncig. Lawv tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias, noo noo, thiab txawm tias raug tshuaj lom neeg. Txawm li cas los xij, huab cua ib puag ncig zoo li kev khoov ntau dhau los yog crushing tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cables.

Fiber Optic Networking Glossary

Kev Tiv Thaiv - Qhov txo qis hauv lub teeb liab lub zog raws li qhov ntev ntawm cov khoom siv kho qhov muag. Ntsuas hauv decibels ib kilometer (dB/km).
bandwidth - Tus nqi siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tuaj yeem xa tawm hauv lub network hauv lub sijhawm tas li. Bandwidth yog ntsuas hauv megabits lossis gigabits ib ob.
Caug - Cov txheej txheej nyob ib puag ncig lub hauv paus ntawm ib qho fiber ntau optical. Nws muaj qhov qis qis dua qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov tseem ceeb, ua rau tag nrho sab hauv kev xav ntawm lub teeb hauv cov tub ntxhais.
connector - Ib qho cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob siv los koom nrog fiber ntau optic cables rau thaj vaj huam sib luag, khoom siv lossis lwm cov cables. Piv txwv li LC, SC, ST thiab FC connectors.
Core - Qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom siv kho qhov muag los ntawm qhov uas lub teeb nthuav tawm los ntawm tag nrho cov kev xav sab hauv. Ua los ntawm iav los yog yas thiab muaj ib tug siab dua refractive index tshaj lub cladding.
dB (decibel) - Ib chav ntsuas ntsuas uas sawv cev rau lub logarithmic piv ntawm ob theem teeb liab. Siv los nthuav qhia lub zog poob (attenuation) hauv fiber ntau optic txuas.
Ethernet - Kev sib txuas lus thev naus laus zis rau kev sib txuas hauv cheeb tsam hauv cheeb tsam (LANs) uas siv fiber ntau optic cabling thiab khiav hla cov khub twisted lossis coaxial cables. Cov qauv suav nrog 100BASE-FX, 1000BASE-SX thiab 10GBASE-SR.
Jumper - Ib qho luv luv patch cable siv los txuas cov fiber ntau optic lossis ua kev sib txuas hauv cov kab ke. Kuj hu ua patch cord.
tsis - Qhov txo qis hauv cov teeb liab kho qhov muag lub zog thaum sib kis los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm fiber ntau optic. Ntsuas nyob rau hauv decibels (dB) nrog rau feem ntau fiber ntau network qauv qhia qhov siab tshaj plaws tolerable poob qhov tseem ceeb.
Modal Bandwidth - Lub siab tshaj plaws uas ntau hom teeb pom kev zoo tuaj yeem nthuav tawm hauv ntau hom fiber ntau. Ntsuas hauv megahertz (MHz) ib kilometer.
Numerical Aperture - Ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm lub kaum sab xis txais lub teeb ntawm ib qho optical fiber. Fibers nrog NA siab dua tuaj yeem lees txais lub teeb nkag mus rau ntawm cov ces kaum dav dua, tab sis feem ntau muaj ntau dua attenuation.
Refractive Index - Kev ntsuas ntawm lub teeb nrawm npaum li cas los ntawm cov khoom siv. Qhov siab dua qhov refractive index, qhov qeeb qeeb ntawm lub teeb txav los ntawm cov khoom siv. Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov refractive index ntawm cov tub ntxhais thiab cladding tso cai rau tag nrho cov sab hauv xav txog.
Ib Hom Fiber Ntau - Ib qho khoom siv kho qhov muag nrog lub taub me me uas tso cai rau tib hom teeb kom nthuav tawm. Siv rau siab bandwidth ntev kis tau tus mob vim nws qhov poob qis. Cov tub ntxhais loj loj ntawm 8-10 microns.
splice - Kev sib koom ua ke ruaj khov ntawm ob tus neeg kho qhov muag fibers lossis ob lub fiber ntau optic cables. Yuav tsum tau lub tshuab splice kom meej koom nrog cov iav cores rau txoj kev sib kis tas mus li nrog tsawg kawg nkaus.

Nyeem kuj: Fiber Optic Cable Terminology 101: Daim Ntawv Qhia Tag Nrho & Qhia

Dab tsi yog Fiber Optic Cables?

Fiber optic cables yog ntev, nyias strands ntawm ultra-ntshiab iav uas xa cov ntaub ntawv digital hla kev deb. Lawv yog ua los ntawm silica iav thiab muaj lub teeb nqa fibers teem nyob rau hauv bundles los yog bundles.Cov fibers no kis teeb liab teeb liab los ntawm lub iav los ntawm qhov chaw mus rau qhov chaw. Lub teeb nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais ntawm cov fibers mus los ntawm cov fiber ntau lossi xav txog ntawm ciam teb ntawm cov tub ntxhais thiab cladding.

Muaj ob hom fiber ntau optic cables: ib hom thiab ntau hom. Tib hom fibers muaj ib tug nqaim tub ntxhais uas tso cai rau ib hom ntawm lub teeb kis tau tus mob, thaum fiber ntau hom muaj cov tub ntxhais dav dav uas tso cai rau ntau hom teeb pom kev sib kis ib txhij. Ib hom fibers feem ntau yog siv rau kev sib kis mus ntev, thaum ntau hom fibers yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau luv luv. Cov cores ntawm ob hom fibers yog ua los ntawm ultra-ntshiab silica iav, tab sis ib hom fibers yuav tsum nruj dua tolerances los tsim.

Ntawm no yog ib tug classification:

Singlemode fiber optic cable hom

OS 1/OS 2: Tsim los rau siab bandwidth tes hauj lwm nyob ntev. Cov tub ntxhais loj loj ntawm 8.3 microns. Siv rau telecom/service providers, enterprise backbone links and data center interconnects.
Loose tube gel-filled: Ntau 250um fibers muaj nyob rau hauv cov xim-coded xoob hlab nyob rau hauv ib lub tsho sab nrauv. Siv rau sab nraum cov nroj tsuag installation.
Tight-buffered: 250um fibers nrog ib txheej tiv thaiv hauv qab lub tsho. Kuj tseem siv rau sab nraud cog hauv cov kab dav hlau, cov kav dej, thiab cov kav dej.

Multimode fiber ntau optic cable hom:

OM1/OM2: Rau luv luv, qis bandwidth. Core loj ntawm 62.5 microns. Feem ntau yog rau cov cuab yeej cuab tam qub.
OM 3: Rau 10Gb Ethernet mus txog 300m. Core loj ntawm 50 microns. Siv rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv chaw thiab tsim cov pob txha.
OM 4: Siab bandwidth tshaj OM3 rau 100G Ethernet thiab 400G Ethernet mus txog 150m. Kuj tseem muaj 50 micron core.
OM 5: Tus qauv tshiab tshaj plaws rau qhov siab tshaj plaws bandwidth (txog 100G Ethernet) tshaj qhov luv tshaj plaws (tsawg kawg 100m). Rau cov ntawv thov tshwm sim zoo li 50G PON hauv 5G wireless thiab ntse hauv nroog tes hauj lwm.
Distribution cables: Muaj 6 lossis 12 250um fibers rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov chav sib tham / pem hauv ntej hauv ib lub tsev.

Cov kab hluav taws xob sib xyaw uas muaj ob hom singlemode thiab multimode fibers kuj tau siv rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov pob txha caj qaum uas ob qho tib si yuav tsum tau txhawb nqa.

Nyeem kuj: Lub ntsej muag-Off: Multimode Fiber Optic Cable vs Tib Hom Fiber Optic Cable

Fiber optic cables feem ntau muaj ntau tus neeg fibers bundled ua ke rau lub zog thiab kev tiv thaiv. Nyob rau hauv lub cable, txhua fiber yog coated nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej tiv thaiv yas txheej thiab ntxiv tiv thaiv los ntawm sab nrauv puas thiab lub teeb nrog ntxiv shielding thiab rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub fibers thiab nyob rau sab nraud ntawm tag nrho cov cable. Qee cov cables kuj suav nrog cov dej thaiv los yog cov khoom tiv thaiv dej kom tiv thaiv dej puas. Kev txhim kho kom zoo kuj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo splicing thiab txiav tawm cov fibers kom txo qis cov teeb liab poob mus ntev.

Piv rau cov qauv hlau tooj liab cables, fiber ntau optic cables muaj ntau yam zoo rau kev xa cov ntaub ntawv. Lawv muaj ntau dua bandwidth, cia lawv nqa cov ntaub ntawv ntau dua. Lawv yog cov sib dua ntawm qhov hnyav, ruaj khov dua, thiab muaj peev xwm xa cov teeb liab hla mus ntev. Lawv tiv thaiv electromagnetic cuam tshuam thiab tsis ua hluav taws xob. Qhov no kuj ua rau lawv muaj kev nyab xeeb ntau dua vim tias lawv tsis tawm cov pa taws thiab tsis tuaj yeem rub los yog saib xyuas tau yooj yim li tooj liab cables. Zuag qhia tag nrho, fiber ntau optic cables tau ua kom muaj kev nce loj hauv kev sib txuas hauv internet ceev thiab kev ntseeg tau.

Hom Hom Fiber Optic Cables

Fiber optic cables tau dav siv los xa cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev sib txuas lus ntawm kev kub ceev ntawm qhov ntev. Muaj ntau ntau hom fiber ntau optic cables, txhua tus tsim los rau cov kev siv tshwj xeeb. Hauv seem no, peb yuav tham txog peb hom: aerial fiber optic cable, underground fiber optic cable, thiab undersea fiber optic cable.

1. Aerial Fiber Optic Cable

Aerial fiber ntau optic cables yog tsim los muab ntsia saum av, feem ntau ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob lossis cov yees. Lawv muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm cov ntaub thaiv sab nrauv uas muaj zog tiv thaiv cov fibers zoo los ntawm ib puag ncig xws li huab cua, hluav taws xob UV, thiab kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov tsiaj qus. Aerial cables feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam nyob deb nroog los yog rau kev sib txuas lus nyob deb ntawm lub nroog. Lawv yog cov nqi-zoo thiab kuj yooj yim rau nruab, ua rau lawv muaj kev xaiv nrov rau cov tuam txhab kev sib txuas lus hauv qee thaj tsam.

Nyeem kuj: Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Tshaj Tawm Hauv av Fiber Optic Cable

2. Underground Fiber Optic Cable

Raws li lub npe qhia, underground fiber optic cables yog muab faus rau hauv av los muab kev ruaj ntseg thiab tiv thaiv kev sib kis nruab nrab. Cov cables no yog tsim los tiv thaiv cov teebmeem ntawm ib puag ncig hnyav, xws li ya raws, kub hloov pauv, thiab kev ntxhov siab ntawm lub cev. Cov kab hluav taws xob hauv av feem ntau yog siv rau hauv nroog, qhov chaw muaj tsawg, thiab kev tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj los yog kev puas tsuaj yog qhov tseem ceeb. Lawv feem ntau ntsia los ntawm underground conduits los yog ncaj qha faus rau hauv trenches.

3. Undersea Fiber Optic Cable

Undersea fiber optic cables tshwj xeeb tsim los muab tso rau hla dej hiav txwv pem teb txhawm rau txuas cov teb chaws thiab ua kom muaj kev sib txuas lus thoob ntiaj teb. Cov kab hluav taws xob no tau tsim kho los tiv thaiv lub siab loj thiab hnyav hnyav ntawm ib puag ncig hauv qab dej. Lawv feem ntau muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm ntau txheej hlau lossis polyethylene armor, nrog rau cov txheej txheem dej tsis zoo. Undersea cables yog siv rau kev xa tawm cov ntaub ntawv thoob ntiaj teb thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhawb nqa kev sib txuas hauv ntiaj teb. Lawv tuaj yeem hla ntau txhiab mais thiab yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev sib txuas lus sib txuas lus, txhawb nqa cov ntaub ntawv muaj peev xwm hloov pauv thiab kev sib txuas thoob ntiaj teb.

4. Direct Buried Fiber Optic Cable

Direct faus fiber optic cables yog tsim los muab faus ncaj qha rau hauv av yam tsis tas siv cov kav dej lossis cov npog tiv thaiv. Lawv feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov uas qhov chaw hauv av tsim nyog thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj lossis cuam tshuam tsawg. Cov kab hluav taws xob no tau tsim los nrog cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv ntxiv, xws li cov tsho hnyav hnyav thiab cov ris tsho, kom tiv taus cov phom sij xws li ya raws, nas, thiab kev ntxhov siab.

5. Ribbon Fiber Optic Cable

Ribbon fiber ntau optic cables muaj ntau yam khoom siv kho qhov muag teeb tsa hauv cov qauv zoo li ribbon. Cov fibers feem ntau yog teem rau sab saum toj ntawm ib leeg, tso cai rau cov fiber ntau suav hauv ib lub cable. Ribbon cables feem ntau yog siv rau hauv daim ntawv thov uas yuav tsum tau muaj siab ceev thiab compactness, xws li cov chaw zov me nyuam los yog kev sib txuas lus sib txuas lus. Lawv ua kom yooj yim tuav, splicing, thiab txiav, ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau kev teeb tsa uas yuav tsum muaj ntau cov fibers.

6. Loose Tube Fiber Optic Cable

Loose tube fiber optic cables muaj ib los yog ntau dua optical fibers nyob rau hauv cov hlab tiv thaiv tsis. Cov hlab ntsha tsis zoo no ua raws li ib tus neeg tiv thaiv rau cov fibers, muab kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv ya raws, kev ntxhov siab, thiab ib puag ncig. Loose tube cables feem ntau yog siv rau sab nraum zoov lossis qhov chaw hnyav, xws li kev sib txuas lus nyob deb lossis thaj chaw uas muaj qhov kub thiab txias. Kev tsim lub raj xoob tso cai rau kev txheeb xyuas cov fiber ntau yooj yim, kev sib cais, thiab kev hloov kho yav tom ntej.

7. Armored Fiber Optic Cable

Armored fiber optic cables yog ntxiv nrog cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntxiv, xws li corrugated steel lossis aluminium tapes lossis braids. Cov txheej txheej ntxiv no muab kev tiv thaiv zoo tiv thaiv lub cev puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig nyuaj uas cov cables yuav raug rau sab nraud quab yuam, suav nrog cov tshuab hnyav, nas, lossis hnyav kev lag luam. Armored cables feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev lag luam chaw, kev ua haujlwm tsuas, lossis ib puag ncig uas muaj kev pheej hmoo loj ntawm kev puas tsuaj.

Cov hom fiber ntau optic txuas ntxiv no muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb thiab kev tiv thaiv kom tau raws li ntau yam kev xav tau ntawm kev teeb tsa thiab ib puag ncig. Kev xaiv ntawm cable hom nyob ntawm yam xws li kev siv scenario, xav tau kev tiv thaiv, installation txoj kev, thiab kev cia siab tias yuav muaj kev phom sij. Txawm hais tias nws yog rau kev siv faus ncaj qha, kev teeb tsa siab, kev sib txuas sab nraum zoov, lossis kev xav tau ib puag ncig, xaiv qhov tsim nyog fiber optic cable kom ntseeg tau cov ntaub ntawv xa mus tau zoo.

8. Hom tshiab Fiber Optic Cable

Fiber optic thev naus laus zis txuas ntxiv mus, nrog cov qauv siv fiber ntau tshiab thiab cov ntaub ntawv ua kom muaj kev siv ntxiv. Qee qhov tseeb fiber optic cable hom muaj xws li:

Khoov-optimized fibers - Fibers nrog cov qhab-nees-index core profile uas tiv thaiv lub teeb poob lossis cov tub ntxhais / cladding cuam tshuam kev puas tsuaj thaum khoov ntawm cov ces kaum nruj lossis coiled. Khoov-optimized fibers tuaj yeem tiv taus khoov radii mus txog 7.5mm rau ib hom thiab 5mm rau multimode yam tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb attenuation. Cov fibers no tso cai rau kev xa tawm fiber ntau hauv qhov chaw tsis haum rau qhov khoov radii loj dua thiab txiav tawm hauv kev sib txuas siab.
Yas optical fibers (POF) - Optical fibers ua los ntawm cov tub ntxhais yas thiab cladding es tsis yog iav. POF yog hloov tau yooj yim dua, yooj yim rau kev txiav tawm, thiab tus nqi qis dua iav fiber ntau. Txawm li cas los xij, POF muaj ntau dua attenuation thiab qis bandwidth, txwv nws mus rau kev sib txuas hauv qab 100 meters. POF muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg siv khoom siv hluav taws xob, tsheb sib txuas, thiab kev tswj hwm kev lag luam uas qhov kev ua haujlwm siab tsis tseem ceeb.
Multicore fibers - Cov qauv tsim fiber ntau muaj 6, 12 lossis txawm tias 19 cais ib hom lossis ntau hom cores nyob rau hauv ib qho cladding thiab tsho. Multicore fibers tuaj yeem xa tawm ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv nrog ib leeg fiber ntau thiab ib qho kev txiav tawm los yog qhov sib txuas rau kev sib txuas ntau dua. Txawm li cas los xij, multicore fibers xav tau cov cuab yeej sib txuas ntau dua xws li multicore cleavers thiab MPO connectors. Qhov siab tshaj plaws attenuation thiab bandwidth kuj tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm cov tsoos ib leeg thiab dual-core fibers. Multicore fibers pom daim ntawv thov hauv telecom thiab data center networks.
Hollow core fibers - Ib hom fiber ntau tshwm sim nrog lub hollow channel ntawm cov tub ntxhais nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm microstructured cladding uas kaw lub teeb nyob rau hauv lub hollow core. Hollow core fibers muaj qis latency thiab txo cov teebmeem nonlinear uas cuam tshuam cov teeb liab, tab sis nyuaj rau kev tsim khoom thiab tseem tab tom txhim kho thev naus laus zis. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, hollow core fibers tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev sib txuas sai dua vim qhov nce nrawm uas lub teeb tuaj yeem taug kev los ntawm huab cua piv rau cov iav khoom.

Txawm hais tias tseem muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb, hom fiber ntau tshiab nthuav dav cov ntawv thov uas siv fiber ntau optic cabling yog qhov ua tau zoo thiab tus nqi tsim nyog, tso cai rau cov tes hauj lwm khiav ntawm qhov nrawm dua, hauv qhov chaw nruj dua, thiab luv dua. Raws li cov fibers tshiab dhau los ua cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, lawv muab cov kev xaiv los ua kom zoo dua qhov sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem network raws li kev xav tau ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm kev teeb tsa. Siv lwm tiam fiber ntau ua rau network technology ntawm kev txiav ntug.

Fiber Optic Cable Specifications thiab xaiv

Fiber optic cables tuaj nyob rau hauv ntau hom kom haum rau ntau yam kev siv thiab kev sib txuas lus. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xav txog thaum xaiv ib lub fiber ntau optic cable suav nrog:

Qhov loj me - Txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov tub ntxhais txiav txim siab npaum li cas cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem kis tau. Ib hom fibers muaj cov tub ntxhais me me (8-10 microns) uas tso cai rau tsuas yog ib hom ntawm lub teeb kom nthuav tawm, ua kom muaj kev sib tw siab thiab kev ncua ntev. Multi-mode fibers muaj cov tub ntxhais loj dua (50-62.5 microns) uas tso cai rau ntau hom teeb pom kev, zoo tshaj plaws rau luv luv thiab qis bandwidth.
Caug - Lub cladding nyob ib ncig ntawm lub hauv paus thiab muaj ib tug qis refractive index, trapping lub teeb nyob rau hauv lub tub ntxhais los ntawm tag nrho cov sab hauv xav txog. Cladding txoj kab uas hla feem ntau yog 125 microns tsis hais qhov loj me.
Khoom siv tsis khoom - Cov khoom siv tsis zoo tiv thaiv cov fiber ntau los ntawm kev puas tsuaj thiab ya raws. Cov kev xaiv muaj xws li Teflon, PVC, thiab polyethylene. Sab nraum zoov cables yuav tsum tau dej-resistant, huab cua-pov thawj cov ntaub ntawv.
tsho - Lub tsho sab nrauv muab kev tiv thaiv lub cev thiab ib puag ncig ntxiv rau cable. Cable tsho yog tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xws li PVC, HDPE thiab armored steel. Cov tsho sab nrauv yuav tsum tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias, tiv thaiv UV, thiab puas.
Sab Hauv Tsev thiab Sab Nraud - Ntxiv rau cov tsho sib txawv thiab cov buffers, sab hauv tsev thiab sab nraum zoov fiber ntau optic cables muaj qhov sib txawv. Sab nraum zoov cables cais ib tus neeg fibers rau hauv lub raj xoob los yog cov hlua tsis nruj hauv lub hauv paus, tso cai rau cov dej ntws tawm. Sab hauv ribbon cables ribbonize thiab stack fibers rau ntau dua ntom. Cov kab hluav taws xob sab nraum zoov xav tau kev cog lus hauv av kom zoo thiab ntxiv kev txiav txim siab rau kev tiv thaiv UV, kub hloov pauv, thiab cua thauj khoom.

Yuav xaiv ib tug fiber optic cable, xav txog daim ntawv thov, qhov xav tau bandwidth, thiab ib puag ncig kev teeb tsa. Ib hom kab hluav taws xob yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev sib txuas mus ntev, siab-bandwidth kev sib txuas lus zoo li cov pob txha hauv network. Multi-mode cables ua haujlwm zoo rau qhov kev ncua deb thiab qis bandwidth xav tau hauv cov tsev. Cov kab hluav taws xob sab hauv tsev tsis tas yuav tsum muaj cov tsho loj lossis dej tsis kam, thaum cov cables sab nraum zoov siv cov ntaub ntawv muaj zog los tiv thaiv huab cua thiab kev puas tsuaj.

Cov kab:

hom	Fiber	tsis	tsho	Rating	Daim ntawv thov
Single-mode OS 2	9/125 m² os	Lub cev xoob	PVC	Nyob sab hauv tsev	Lub hauv paus pob txha
Multimode OM3 / OM4	50/125 m² os	Tight tsis	OFNR	Sab nraum zoov	Data center/campus
armored	Ib leeg / ntau hom	Loose tube/tight buffer	PE / polyurethane / steel hlau	Sab nraum zoov / ncaj faus	Ib puag ncig hnyav
ADSS	Ib leeg-hom	Unbuffered	Txhawb nqa tus kheej	Huab cua	FTTA/poles/utility
OPGW	Ib leeg-hom	Lub cev xoob	Kev txhawb nqa tus kheej / steel strands	Huab cua static	Nyiaj siv ua haujlwm kab hluav taws xob
Tshem cov kab	Ib leeg / ntau hom	900μm / 3mm subunits	PVC / ntaub	Sab hauv tsev / sab nraum zoov	Kev sib txuas ntawm cov neeg siv khoom kawg

Connectivity:

hom	Fiber	Coupling	Polish	txiav	Daim ntawv thov
LC	Ib leeg / ntau hom	PC/APC	Lub cev tiv tauj (PC) lossis 8 ° lub kaum sab xis (APC)	Tib fiber ntau los yog duplex	Feem ntau ib leeg / dual fiber ntau connector, high-density daim ntaub ntawv
MPO/MTP	Multi-hom (12/24 fiber ntau)	PC/APC	Lub cev tiv tauj (PC) lossis 8 ° lub kaum sab xis (APC)	Multi-fiber array	40/100G connectivity, trunking, cov chaw zov me nyuam
SC	Ib leeg / ntau hom	PC/APC	Lub cev tiv tauj (PC) lossis 8 ° lub kaum sab xis (APC)	Simplex los yog duplex	Cov ntawv thov qub txeeg qub teg, qee cov cab kuj network
ST	Ib leeg / ntau hom	PC/APC	Lub cev tiv tauj (PC) lossis 8 ° lub kaum sab xis (APC)	Simplex los yog duplex	Cov ntawv thov qub txeeg qub teg, qee cov cab kuj network
MU	Ib leeg-hom	PC/APC	Lub cev tiv tauj (PC) lossis 8 ° lub kaum sab xis (APC)	Simplex	Ib puag ncig hnyav, fiber ntau rau lub kav hlau txais xov
splice enclosures / tais	N / A	NA	NA	Fusion los yog mechanical	Kev hloov pauv, kev kho dua tshiab lossis kev nkag mus nruab nrab

Thov xa mus rau cov lus qhia no thaum xaiv cov khoom siv fiber ntau los txiav txim siab yam tsim nyog rau koj daim ntawv thov thiab ib puag ncig network. Yog xav paub ntxiv txog cov khoom lag luam, thov hu rau cov tuam txhab ncaj qha lossis qhia rau kuv paub tias kuv tuaj yeem muab cov lus pom zoo ntxiv lossis kev pab xaiv li cas.

Fiber optic cables muab cov khoom sib npaug ntawm cov khoom kom haum rau kev sib txuas lus hauv ib puag ncig thaum xaiv hom zoo raws li cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb nyob ib puag ncig daim ntawv thov, qhov loj me, qhov ntsuas lub tsho, thiab qhov chaw teeb tsa. Xav txog cov yam ntxwv no pab ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws, kev tiv thaiv, thiab tus nqi.

Kev lag luam Standards ntawm Fiber Optic Cable

Kev lag luam fiber ntau optic cable ua raws li cov qauv sib txawv kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev sib raug zoo, kev ntseeg tau, thiab kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom sib txawv thiab cov tshuab. Tshooj lus no tshawb txog qee cov qauv kev lag luam tseem ceeb uas tswj hwm fiber ntau optic cable thiab lawv qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom muaj kev sib txuas lus zoo sib xws.

TIA/EIA-568: Tus qauv TIA / EIA-568, tsim los ntawm Lub Koom Haum Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam (TIA) thiab Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA), muab cov lus qhia rau kev tsim thiab kev teeb tsa ntawm cov kab ke sib txuas, suav nrog cov fiber ntau optic cables. Nws npog ntau yam, xws li hom cable, connectors, kis tau tus mob, thiab kev xeem yuav tsum tau. Kev ua raws li tus qauv no ua kom muaj kev ua tau zoo sib xws thiab txhim khu kev qha thoob plaws kev sib txawv network.
ISO / IEC 11801 Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj: ISO / IEC 11801 tus qauv teeb tsa cov kev xav tau rau cov kab hluav taws xob dav dav, suav nrog fiber ntau optic cables, hauv cov chaw lag luam. Nws suav nrog ntau yam xws li kev sib kis tau zoo, pawg cable, cov khoom sib txuas, thiab cov kev coj ua hauv kev teeb tsa. Ua raws li tus qauv no ua kom muaj kev sib cuam tshuam thiab kev ua tau zoo sib xws ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob sib txawv.
ANSI/TIA-598: Tus qauv ANSI/TIA-598 muab cov lus qhia rau xim coding ntawm fiber ntau optic cables, qhia cov xim schemes rau ntau hom fibers, tsis coatings, thiab connector khau raj xim. Cov qauv no ua kom muaj kev sib haum xeeb thiab ua kom yooj yim rau kev txheeb xyuas thiab sib piv ntawm cov fiber ntau optic cables thaum lub sij hawm installation, txij nkawm, thiab kev daws teeb meem.
ITU-T G.651: Tus txheej txheem ITU-T G.651 txhais cov yam ntxwv thiab kis tsis tau rau cov khoom siv kho qhov muag multimode. Nws suav nrog ntau yam xws li qhov loj me, qhov cuam tshuam qhov ntsuas qhov profile, thiab modal bandwidth. Ua raws li tus qauv no ua kom muaj kev ua tau zoo ib yam thiab ua tau zoo ntawm multimode fiber optic cables thoob plaws ntau lub tshuab thiab kev siv.
ITU-T G.652: Tus qauv ITU-T G.652 qhia txog cov yam ntxwv thiab kev sib kis tsis zoo rau ib hom kev kho qhov muag fibers. Nws suav nrog yam xws li attenuation, dispersion, thiab cutoff wavelength. Kev ua raws li tus qauv no ua kom muaj kev ua tau zoo thiab txhim khu kev qha ntawm ib hom fiber ntau optic cables rau kev sib txuas lus ntev.

Ua raws li cov qauv kev lag luam no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm kev sib raug zoo, kev ntseeg siab, thiab kev ua haujlwm hauv fiber ntau optic cable installation. Kev ua raws li kev ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov cables, cov khoom sib txuas, thiab cov khoom sib txuas los ntawm cov tuam txhab sib txawv tuaj yeem ua haujlwm sib luag, ua kom yooj yim network tsim, teeb tsa, thiab kev saib xyuas cov txheej txheem. Nws kuj txhawb kev sib koom tes thiab muab cov lus sib tham rau kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov kws tshaj lij kev lag luam.

Thaum cov no tsuas yog qee qhov ntawm cov qauv kev lag luam rau fiber ntau optic cables, lawv qhov tseem ceeb tsis tuaj yeem hais ntau dhau. Los ntawm kev ua raws li cov qauv no, cov neeg tsim qauv network, cov neeg tsim khoom, thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev ncaj ncees thiab zoo ntawm fiber optic infrastructure, txhawb kev sib txuas lus zoo thiab txhim khu kev qha.

Nyeem kuj: Demystifying Fiber Optic Cable Standards: Phau Ntawv Qhia

Fiber Optic Cable Kev tsim kho thiab kev sib kis

Fiber optic cables yog ua los ntawm ob txheej concentric ntawm fused silica, ib qho ultra-ntshiab iav nrog siab transparency. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb muaj qhov siab dua qhov ntsuas siab dua li cov txheej txheej sab nrauv, tso cai rau lub teeb coj los ntawm cov fiber ntau los ntawm tag nrho cov kev xav sab hauv.

Fiber optic cable sib dhos muaj cov hauv qab no:

Cov khoom siv thiab tsim ntawm fiber ntau optic cable txiav txim siab nws qhov tsim nyog rau kev siv sib txawv thiab kev teeb tsa ib puag ncig. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim cable muaj xws li:

Qhov loj me - Sab hauv iav filament uas nqa cov teeb liab kho qhov muag. Qhov ntau thiab tsawg yog 9/125μm, 50/125μm, thiab 62.5/125μm. 9/125μm ib hom fiber ntau muaj lub hauv paus nqaim rau kev ncua deb, siab bandwidth khiav. 50/125μm thiab 62.5/125μm ntau hom fiber ntau muaj cov cores dav dua rau kev sib txuas luv dua thaum tsis tas yuav muaj bandwidth siab.
Cov hlab ntsha - Cov txheej yas uas nyob ib puag ncig fiber ntau rau kev tiv thaiv. Fibers tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov raj tsis sib cais rau lub koom haum thiab kev sib cais. Buffer tubes tseem khaws cov dej noo kom deb ntawm fibers. Cov raj xoob thiab nruj buffer tube tsim yog siv.
Cov tswv cuab muaj zog - Aramid yarns, fiberglass rods los yog steel hlau nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais cable los muab lub zog tensile thiab tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov fibers thaum lub sij hawm installation los yog ib puag ncig hloov. Cov tswv cuab muaj zog txo qhov elongation thiab tso cai rau kev rub siab dua thaum txhim kho cable.
Fillers - Ntxiv padding los yog khoom, feem ntau yog ua los ntawm fiberglass, ntxiv rau cov tub ntxhais cable los muab cushioning thiab ua rau lub cable puag ncig. Fillers tsuas yog siv qhov chaw thiab ntxiv tsis muaj zog lossis kev tiv thaiv. Tsuas yog suav nrog raws li xav tau kom ua tiav txoj kab uas hla zoo tshaj plaws.
Tawm sab nrauv - Ib txheej ntawm cov yas uas ntim cov tub ntxhais cable, muab tub lim, thiab cov tswv cuab muaj zog. Lub tsho tiv thaiv kev ya raws, kev puas tsuaj, tshuaj lom neeg, thiab lwm yam kev puas tsuaj ib puag ncig. Cov ntaub ntawv tsho feem ntau yog HDPE, MDPE, PVC, thiab LSZH. Sab nraum zoov rated cable siv tuab, UV-resistant tsho zoo li polyethylene los yog polyurethane.
armor - Ntxiv cov hlau nplaum ntxiv, feem ntau yog hlau lossis txhuas, ntxiv rau lub tsho cable rau kev tiv thaiv ntau tshaj plaws thiab cov nas tsuag. Armored fiber ntau optic cable yog siv thaum ntsia hauv cov xwm txheej tsis zoo uas yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj. Cov armor ntxiv qhov hnyav hnyav thiab txo qhov yoog raws li tsuas yog pom zoo thaum tsim nyog.
Ripcord - Nylon qaum nyob rau hauv lub tsho sab nrauv uas tso cai rau kom yooj yim tshem tawm lub tsho thaum txiav thiab txuas. Tsuas yog rub lub ripcord cais lub tsho tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj fibers hauv qab. Ripcord tsis suav nrog txhua hom fiber ntau optic cable.

Kev sib xyaw tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv no tsim cov fiber ntau optic cable optimized rau nws qhov chaw ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm. Integrators tuaj yeem xaiv los ntawm ntau hom cable rau txhua lub network fiber optic.

Kawm Ntxiv: Fiber Optic Cable Cheebtsam: Tag Nrho Cov Npe & Qhia

Thaum lub teeb xa mus rau hauv cov tub ntxhais fiber ntau optic, nws qhia tawm ntawm cladding interface ntawm cov ces kaum ntau dua li lub kaum sab xis tseem ceeb, tsis tu ncua taug kev los ntawm fiber ntau. Qhov kev xav sab hauv no raws li qhov ntev ntawm cov fiber ntau tso cai rau lub teeb tsis pom kev nyob deb ntawm qhov ntev.

Lub refractive index sib txawv ntawm cov tub ntxhais thiab cladding, ntsuas los ntawm tus lej aperture (NA), txiav txim siab npaum li cas lub teeb tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv fiber ntau thiab pes tsawg lub kaum sab xis yuav cuam tshuam sab hauv. Lub NA siab dua tso cai rau lub teeb pom kev zoo dua thiab qhov kev xav ntawm lub kaum sab xis, qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ncua deb, thaum lub NA qis dua tau txais lub teeb qis dua tab sis tuaj yeem xa nrog tsawg dua attenuation ntev dua.

Kev tsim kho thiab kev xa khoom ntawm fiber ntau optic cables tso cai rau qhov tsis sib xws ntawm kev ceev, bandwidth, thiab ncav cuag ntawm fiber optic tes hauj lwm. Tsis muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, fiber ntau optics muab qhov zoo tshaj plaws qhib kev siv platform rau kev sib txuas lus digital thiab ua rau cov thev naus laus zis yav tom ntej. To taub yuav ua li cas lub teeb yuav optimized rau mus txawv tebchaws mais nyob rau hauv ib lub iav fiber ntau nyias raws li ib tug tib neeg cov plaub hau yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev qhib lub peev xwm ntawm fiber optic systems.

Keeb kwm ntawm Fiber Optic Cables

Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm fiber ntau optic cables pib nyob rau hauv 1960s nrog lub invention ntawm lub laser. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau lees paub tias lub teeb laser tuaj yeem kis tau mus ntev los ntawm cov iav nyias nyias. Xyoo 1966, Charles Kao thiab George Hockham theorized tias iav fibers tuaj yeem siv los xa lub teeb hla qhov ntev nrog qhov poob qis. Lawv txoj haujlwm tau tsim lub hauv paus rau niaj hnub fiber optic technology.

Xyoo 1970, Corning Glass cov kws tshawb fawb Robert Maurer, Donald Keck, thiab Peter Schultz tau tsim thawj fiber ntau optical uas poob qis txaus rau kev sib txuas lus. Kev tsim cov fiber ntau no tau pab tshawb fawb txog kev siv fiber ntau optics rau kev sib txuas lus. Hauv kaum xyoo tom ntej no, cov tuam txhab pib tsim cov lag luam fiber ntau optic telecommunication systems.

Xyoo 1977, General Xov tooj thiab Electronics xa thawj lub xov tooj nyob hauv xov tooj los ntawm fiber ntau optic cables hauv Long Beach, California. Qhov kev sim no pom tau tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm fiber ntau optic telecommunications. Thoob plaws xyoo 1980s, cov tuam txhab ua haujlwm ua haujlwm rau kev xa mus ntev-ntev fiber ntau optic tes hauj lwm txuas nrog lub nroog loj hauv Asmeskas thiab Europe. Los ntawm lig 1980s thiab thaum ntxov 1990s, pej xeem xov tooj tuam txhab uas muag pib hloov ib txwm tooj liab xov tooj kab nrog fiber optic cables.

Cov neeg tsim kho tshiab thiab cov thawj coj hauv kev siv tshuab fiber ntau suav nrog Narinder Singh Kapany, Jun-ichi Nishizawa, thiab Robert Maurer. Kapany yog lub npe hu ua "Leej Txiv ntawm Fiber Optics" rau nws txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv 1950s thiab 1960s tsim thiab siv fiber optic technology. Nishizawa tau tsim thawj qhov kev sib txuas lus kho qhov muag hauv xyoo 1953. Maurer tau coj cov pab pawg Corning Glass uas tau tsim thawj qhov tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob kho qhov muag ua kom muaj kev sib txuas lus fiber ntau niaj hnub.

Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm fiber ntau optic cables revolutionized thoob ntiaj teb kev sib txuas lus thiab tau enabled lub high-ceev internet thiab thoob ntiaj teb cov ntaub ntawv tes hauj lwm peb muaj niaj hnub no. Fiber optic thev naus laus zis tau txuas nrog lub ntiaj teb los ntawm kev tso cai ntau cov ntaub ntawv xa mus thoob ntiaj teb hauv vib nas this.

Hauv kev xaus, dhau xyoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb thiab cov kws tshawb fawb, fiber ntau optic cables tau tsim thiab ua kom zoo tshaj plaws kom xa cov teeb liab teeb pom kev ntev. Lawv qhov kev tsim khoom thiab kev lag luam tau hloov pauv lub ntiaj teb los ntawm kev ua kom cov txheej txheem tshiab ntawm kev sib txuas lus thoob ntiaj teb thiab nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv.

Lub Tsev Blocks ntawm Fiber Connectivity

Ntawm nws cov tub ntxhais, fiber ntau optic network yog tsim los ntawm ob peb qhov tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam los tsim kev tsim kho vaj tse rau kev xa thiab tau txais cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub teeb liab. Cov hauv paus ntsiab lus muaj xws li:

Fiber optic cables zoo li Unitube Light-armored Cable (GYXS / GYXTW) los yog Unitube Non-metallic Micro Cable (JET) muaj nyias cov iav los yog cov khoom siv fiber ntau thiab muab txoj hauv kev uas cov teeb liab mus. Cable hom muaj xws li singlemode, multimode, hybrid fiber optic cables thiab tis cables. Cov yam ntxwv xaiv yog hom fiber ntau / suav, kev tsim kho, kev teeb tsa, thiab kev sib txuas hauv network. Optical fibers yog nyias, hloov tau yooj yim strands ntawm iav los yog yas uas ua raws li qhov nruab nrab rau kev xa cov teeb liab teeb nyob rau hauv qhov ntev. Lawv tau tsim los txo cov teeb liab poob thiab tswj kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xa mus.
Lub teeb qhov chaw: Lub teeb ci, feem ntau yog laser lossis LED (Light Emitting Diode), yog siv los tsim cov teeb liab teeb liab uas kis tau los ntawm cov fibers optical. Lub teeb ci yuav tsum muaj peev xwm tsim tau lub teeb pom kev ruaj khov thiab zoo ib yam kom ntseeg tau cov ntaub ntawv xa mus.
Cov khoom sib txuas: cov khoom no txuas cov cables rau cov khoom siv, tso cai rau patching. Cov khoom sib txuas xws li LC, SC thiab MPO ob peb fiber ntau rau cov khoom siv ports thiab cables. Adapters zoo li Fiber optic adapter / coupler flange / ceev optic connector koom connectors nyob rau hauv thaj panels. Patch cords pre-terminated nrog connectors tsim ib ntus txuas. Kev sib txuas hloov cov teeb liab teeb liab ntawm cable strands, khoom siv, thiab thaj cords raws qhov txuas. Match connector hom rau installation xav tau kev pab thiab cov khoom siv ports.
Connectors: Connectors yog siv los koom ib tug neeg kho qhov muag fibers ua ke los yog mus cuag fibers rau lwm yam network Cheebtsam, xws li keyboards los yog routers. Cov connectors no ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab meej kev sib txuas kom muaj kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xa mus.
Connective hardware: Qhov no suav nrog cov khoom siv xws li thaj vaj huam sib luag, splice enclosures, thiab lub thawv txiav. Cov khoom siv kho vajtse no muab txoj hauv kev yooj yim thiab txhim kho los tswj thiab tiv thaiv cov fibers optical thiab lawv cov kev sib txuas. Lawv kuj pab daws teeb meem thiab saib xyuas lub network.
Enclosures xws li stand-alone fiber txee, khib mount fiber enclosures los yog phab ntsa fiber enclosures muab kev tiv thaiv rau fiber ntau interconnections thiab slack / looping fibers nrog rau kev xaiv rau siab ceev. Slack tais thiab cov ntawv qhia fiber ntau khaws cov kab ntev ntev. Enclosures tiv thaiv los ntawm ib puag ncig kev puas tsuaj thiab npaj siab fiber ntau ntim.
Transceivers: Transceivers, tseem hu ua optical modules, ua haujlwm sib txuas ntawm fiber ntau optic network thiab lwm yam khoom siv sib txuas, xws li khoos phis tawj, keyboards, lossis routers. Lawv hloov cov teeb liab hluav taws xob rau hauv cov teeb liab kho qhov muag rau kev sib kis thiab rov ua dua, tso cai rau kev sib koom ua ke ntawm fiber ntau optic tes hauj lwm thiab ib txwm siv tooj liab.
Repeaters/Amplifiers: Fiber optic signals tuaj yeem degrade nyob deb deb vim attenuation (tsis muaj teeb liab zog). Repeaters lossis amplifiers yog siv los tsim kho thiab txhawb cov teeb liab kho qhov muag ntawm ib ntus kom ntseeg tau lawv qhov zoo thiab kev ntseeg siab.
Hloov thiab routers: Cov khoom siv hauv network no yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tswj cov ntaub ntawv ntws hauv fiber ntau optic network. Cov keyboards pab txhawb kev sib txuas lus hauv ib cheeb tsam hauv zos, thaum routers pab hloov cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov tes hauj lwm sib txawv. Lawv pab tswj cov tsheb khiav thiab xyuas kom muaj kev sib kis ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.
Cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv: Fiber optic tes hauj lwm yuav suav nrog ntau yam kev tiv thaiv xws li kev rov ua dua, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thaub qab, thiab cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia kom muaj kev ntseeg siab thiab cov ntaub ntawv. Cov txheej txheem no pab txo qis lub sijhawm poob hauv lub network thiab tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv poob thaum muaj kev ua tsis tiav lossis cuam tshuam.
Cov cuab yeej kuaj xyuas xws li OTDRs thiab cov ntsuas hluav taws xob kho qhov muag ntsuas kev ua haujlwm kom ntseeg tau tias cov teeb liab kis tau zoo. OTDRs txheeb xyuas cable installation thiab nrhiav teeb meem. Fais fab ntsuas ntsuas qhov poob ntawm kev sib txuas. Infrastructure tswj cov khoom pab hauv cov ntaub ntawv, sau npe, npaj thiab daws teeb meem.

Cov Cheebtsam no ua haujlwm ua ke los tsim kom muaj lub zog thiab kev kub ceev fiber ntau optic network infrastructure, ua kom ceev thiab txhim khu kev qha cov ntaub ntawv xa mus ntev.

Nqa cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke nrog kev teeb tsa kom zoo, kev txiav tawm, kev sib txuas thiab cov txheej txheem patching ua rau cov teeb liab hloov kho qhov muag rau cov ntaub ntawv, suab thiab video thoob plaws hauv tsev kawm ntawv, cov tsev thiab cov khoom siv sib txuas. Kev nkag siab txog cov kev xav tau rau cov ntaub ntawv tus nqi, nyiaj txiag poob, kev loj hlob, thiab ib puag ncig txiav txim siab qhov xav tau ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov cables, kev sib txuas, kev sim thiab cov ntaub thaiv npog rau txhua daim ntawv thov kev sib txuas.

Fiber Optic Cable Options

Fiber optic cables muab lub cev kis tau tus mob nruab nrab rau routing optical signals luv luv mus ntev. Muaj ntau ntau hom muaj rau kev sib txuas cov khoom siv sib txuas, cov neeg siv khoom siv, thiab kev sib txuas lus hauv kev sib txuas lus. Cov yam ntxwv xws li kev teeb tsa ib puag ncig, hom fiber ntau thiab suav, hom txuas, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tus nqi yuav txiav txim siab seb qhov twg fiber optic cable tsim yog tsim nyog rau txhua daim ntawv thov.

Copper Cables zoo li CAT5E Cov Ntaub Ntawv Copper Cable lossis CAT6 Cov Ntaub Ntawv Copper Cable muaj cov fiber ntau txuas nrog cov khub tooj liab, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo uas yuav tsum muaj kev sib txuas ntawm fiber ntau thiab tooj liab hauv ib qho kev sib txuas. Cov kev xaiv muaj xws li simplex/zip qaum, duplex, faib thiab breakout cables.

Armored Cables suav nrog ntau yam khoom siv ntxiv rau kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kev puas tsuaj lossis ib puag ncig huab cua. Hom muaj xws li Stranded Loose Tube Non-metallic Strength Member Armored cable (GYFTA 53) los yog Stranded Loose Tube Light-armored Cable (TSI/GYTA) nrog gel-filled raj thiab steel reinforcements rau tsev kawm ntawv siv. Interlocking armor lossis corrugated steel daim kab xev muab huab cua tiv thaiv / xob laim.

Drop Cables yog siv rau kev sib txuas zaum kawg los ntawm kev faib mus rau qhov chaw. Cov kev xaiv zoo li Kev txhawb nqa tus kheej Bow-type drop cable (GJYXFCH) los yog Hneev hom poob cable (GJXFH) tsis xav tau kev txhawb nqa. Strenath Bow-type drop cable (GJXFA) tau txhawb zog cov tswv cuab. Bow-type drop cable rau duct (GJYXFHS) rau conduit installation. Aerial xaiv muaj xws li Daim duab 8 Cable (GYTC8A) los yog tag nrho Dielectric Self-txhawb Aerial Cable (ADSS).

Lwm cov kev xaiv rau kev siv sab hauv tsev muaj xws li Unitube Light-armored Cable (GYXS/GYXTW), Unitube Non-metallic Micro Cable (JET) lossis Stranded Loose Tube Non-metallic Strength Member Non-Armored cable (GYFTY). Hybrid fiber optic cables muaj fiber ntau thiab tooj liab hauv ib lub tsho.

Xaiv lub fiber optic cable zoo li tus kheej txhawb nqa Bow-type drop cable (GJYXFCH) pib nrog kev txiav txim siab txoj kev teeb tsa, ib puag ncig, hom fiber ntau thiab suav xav tau. Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb rau kev tsim kho cable, nplaim taws / tsoo qhov ntsuas, hom kev sib txuas, thiab rub nro yuav tsum ua raws li qhov xav tau thiab txoj hauv kev.

Kev xa tawm kom raug, kev txiav tawm, kev sib txuas, kev teeb tsa, thiab kev sim ntawm fiber ntau optic cables los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij uas tau lees paub ua kom muaj kev sib kis tau zoo tshaj FTTx, metro thiab ntev-ntev tes hauj lwm. Cov kev hloov tshiab tshiab txhim kho kev sib txuas ntawm fiber ntau, nce fiber ntau hauv cov me me, khoov-insensitive puas cables rau yav tom ntej.

Hybrid Cables muaj ob qho tib si tooj liab thiab fiber ntau hauv ib lub tsho rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau lub suab, cov ntaub ntawv, thiab kev sib txuas ceev. Cov tooj liab / fiber ntau sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov xav tau. Siv rau kev poob qis hauv MDUs, tsev kho mob, tsev kawm ntawv qhov twg tsuas yog ib qho cable khiav tau.

Lwm cov kev xaiv xws li daim duab-8 thiab cov kab hluav taws xob puag ncig yog tag nrho-dielectric lossis muaj fiberglass / polymer zog cov tswv cuab rau kev teeb tsa dav hlau tsis xav tau cov hlau ntxiv. Cov raj xoob, lub hauv paus tseem ceeb thiab ribbon fiber ntau cable tsim kuj tseem siv tau.

Xaiv cov fiber ntau optic cable pib nrog kev txiav txim siab qhov chaw teeb tsa thiab qib kev tiv thaiv xav tau, tom qab ntawd suav fiber ntau thiab hom xav tau los txhawb kev xav tau ntawm bandwidth tam sim no thiab yav tom ntej. Cov hom kev sib txuas, kev tsim kab hluav taws xob, kev ntsuas hluav taws xob, kev ntsuas kev sib tsoo / kev cuam tshuam, thiab rub nro specs yuav tsum phim txoj kev npaj thiab kev siv. Xaiv ib lub npe nrov, cov qauv-raws li cov chaw tsim khoom cable thiab tshawb xyuas txhua yam kev ua tau zoo tau raug ntsuas zoo rau qhov chaw teeb tsa yuav ua kom muaj cov khoom siv fiber ntau zoo nrog cov teeb liab pom kev zoo.

Fiber optic cables muab lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov kev sib txuas ceev fiber ntau tab sis xav tau cov kws tshaj lij thiab cov ntawv pov thawj rau kev txiav kom raug, splicing, installation, thiab kev sim. Thaum siv nrog cov khoom sib txuas zoo rau hauv cov txheej txheem tsim tau zoo, fiber ntau optic cables ua kom muaj kev sib kis tau zoo tshaj plaws hauv metro, ntev-ntev thiab FTTx tes hauj lwm revolutionizing kev sib txuas lus rau cov ntaub ntawv, suab, thiab video daim ntaub ntawv thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Tshiab nrhav hluav taws xob ib ncig ntawm cov cab tsawg dua, cov qauv tsim nyog, thiab khoov-insensitive fibers txuas ntxiv txhim kho fiber ntau txuas rau yav tom ntej.

Koj tseem tuaj yeem txaus siab:

Fiber Optic Connectivity

Cov khoom sib txuas muab txoj hauv kev los cuam tshuam fiber ntau optic cabling nrog cov khoom siv sib txuas thiab tsim cov kev sib txuas ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag thiab cov cassettes. Kev xaiv rau connectors, adapters, thaj qaum, bulkheads, thiab thaj vaj huam sib luag tso cai rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv thiab tso cai rau kev tsim kho dua tshiab rau fiber ntau infrastructures raws li xav tau. Kev xaiv kev sib txuas yuav tsum muaj cov hom sib txuas sib txuas rau cable strand hom thiab cov khoom siv cov chaw nres nkoj, kev poob thiab kev ua haujlwm ntev rau cov kev xav tau ntawm lub network, thiab kev xav tau kev teeb tsa.

Connectors: Connectors txiav fiber ntau strands rau ob peb cables rau cov khoom ports los yog lwm yam cables. Cov hom yog:

LC (Lucent Connector): 1.25mm zirconia ferrule. Rau thaj panels, media converters, transceivers. Tsawg poob thiab siab precision. Mated nrog LC connectors.
SC (Subscriber Connector): 2.5 hli ferrule. Robust, rau kev txuas ntev dua. Mated nrog SC connectors. Rau tsev kawm ntawv tes hauj lwm, telco, industrial.
ST (Cov Lus Qhia Ncaj Ncees): 2.5 hli ferrule. Simplex lossis duplex clips muaj. Telco tus qauv tab sis qee qhov poob. Mated nrog ST connectors.
MPO (Multi-fiber Push On): Ribbon fiber ntau txiv neej connector rau parallel optics. 12-fiber lossis 24-fiber xaiv. Rau siab ceev, cov chaw zov me nyuam, 40G / 100G Ethernet. Mated nrog MPO poj niam connectors.
MTP - MPO variation los ntawm US Conec. Tau tshaj MPO.
SMA (SubMiniature A): 2.5 hli ferrule. Rau cov cuab yeej ntsuas, ntsuas ntsuas, cov cuab yeej kho mob. Tsis nquag siv rau cov ntaub ntawv network.

Nyeem kuj: Ib Daim Ntawv Qhia Kom Paub Txog Fiber Optic Connectors

Bulkheads mount nyob rau hauv cov khoom, panels, thiab phab ntsa outlets kom ruaj ntseg interface connectors. Cov kev xaiv muaj xws li simplex, duplex, array los yog kev cai configurations nrog poj niam connector ports rau mate nrog thaj qaum los yog jumper cables ntawm tib hom connector.

Adapters koom ob connectors ntawm tib hom. Configurations yog simplex, duplex, MPO, thiab kev cai rau siab ceev. Mount nyob rau hauv fiber ntau thaj panels, tis thav duab, los yog phab ntsa qhov hluav taws xob vaj tse los pab txhawb cross-connects thiab reconfiguration.

Patch Cords ua ntej txiav nrog cov khoom sib txuas tsim cov kev sib txuas ib ntus ntawm cov khoom siv lossis hauv thaj chaw. Muaj nyob rau hauv singlemode, multimode los yog composite cables rau ntau yam. Txheem ntev ntawm 0.5 mus rau 5 meters nrog kev cai ntev ntawm kev thov. Xaiv hom fiber ntau, kev tsim kho thiab hom txuas kom phim cov kev xav tau ntawm kev teeb tsa.

Patch Panels muab kev sib txuas rau fiber ntau hauv qhov chaw nruab nrab, ua kom muaj kev sib txuas thiab txav / ntxiv / hloov pauv. Cov kev xaiv muaj xws li:

Standard thaj panels: 1U txog 4U, tuav 12 txog 96 fibers lossis ntau dua. LC, SC, MPO adapter xaiv. Rau cov chaw zov me nyuam, tsim kev sib txuas.
Angled thaj panels: Tib yam li tus qauv tab sis ntawm 45 ° lub kaum sab xis rau kev pom / nkag tau yooj yim.
MPO / MTP cassettes: Xaub rau hauv 1U rau 4U thaj vaj huam sib luag. Txhua tus tuav 12-fiber MPO connectors kom tawg mus rau hauv ib tug neeg fibers nrog LC / SC adapters los yog interconnect ntau MPO / MTP harnesses. High ceev, rau 40G / 100G Ethernet.
Fiber faib racks thiab thav ntawv: Cov hneev taw loj dua, suav qhov chaw nres nkoj ntau dua li thaj chaw. Rau kev sib txuas tseem ceeb, telco/ISP lub chaw haujlwm hauv nruab nrab.

Fiber enclosures lub tsev thaj panels, slack tswj thiab splice tais. Rackmount, wallmount thiab standalone xaiv nrog ntau qhov chaw nres nkoj suav / hneev taw. Environmentally tswj los yog tsis-tswj versions. Muab lub koom haum thiab kev tiv thaiv kev sib txuas ntawm fiber ntau.

MTP / MPO harnesses (trunks) koom MPO connectors rau kev sib txuas sib txuas hauv 40/100G network txuas. Poj niam-rau-poj niam thiab poj niam-rau-txiv neej xaiv nrog 12-fiber lossis 24-fiber tsim.

Kev xa tawm kom zoo ntawm cov khoom sib txuas zoo los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab kev ntseeg siab hauv cov tes hauj lwm fiber ntau. Xaiv cov khoom uas sib haum rau cov kev xav tau ntawm kev teeb tsa thiab cov cuab yeej siv network yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj nrog kev txhawb nqa rau cov cuab yeej cuab tam thiab cov ntawv thov tshiab. Cov kev hloov tshiab tshiab nyob ib ncig ntawm daim ntawv me me, fiber ntau dua / connector ceev thiab cov tes hauj lwm sai ua rau cov kev xav tau ntawm kev sib txuas fiber ntau, xav tau cov kev daws teeb meem loj thiab cov qauv tsim.

Kev sib txuas sawv cev yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv lub tsev thaiv rau fiber ntau optic tes hauj lwm, tso cai rau kev sib tshuam ntawm cable khiav, hla kev sib txuas, thiab cov khoom siv sib txuas. Specifications nyob ib ncig ntawm kev poob, durability, ceev, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tus nqi txiav txim siab txoj kev sib txuas ntawm connectors, adapters, thaj qaum, panels, thiab harnesses rau tsim fiber links uas yuav scale kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm bandwidth yav tom ntej.

Fiber Optic Distribution Systems

Fiber optic cables yuav tsum tau enclosures, txee thiab thav duab los npaj, tiv thaiv thiab muab kev nkag mus rau fiber ntau strands. Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm kev faib khoom fiber ntau muaj xws li:

Fiber ntau enclosures - Cov thawv huab cua tiv thaiv tau muab tso rau ntawm txoj kev cable mus rau lub tsev splices, slack cable cia, thiab txiav tawm lossis nkag mus. Enclosures tiv thaiv cov ntsiab lus los ntawm ib puag ncig kev puas tsuaj thaum tso cai nkag mus tas li. Phab ntsa mount thiab ncej mount enclosures yog muaj.
Fiber faib khoom txee - Cov txee muaj fiber ntau optic connectivity panels, splice trays, slack fiber cia, thiab thaj cables rau ib tug interconnect point. Cov txee muaj nyob rau hauv tsev lossis sab nraum zoov / tawv. Cov txee sab nraum zoov muab qhov chaw ruaj khov rau cov khoom siv rhiab hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav.
Fiber faib thav duab - Cov chaw faib khoom loj dua uas muaj ntau lub vaj huam sib luag fiber ntau, ntsug thiab kab rov tav tswj kab, splice txee, thiab cabling rau high-fiber density cross-connect applications. Distribution thav duab txhawb nqa cov pob txha thiab cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv.
Fiber thaj panels - Cov vaj huam sib luag muaj ntau yam fiber ntau adapters rau txiav cov fiber ntau cable strands thiab txuas thaj cables. Loaded panels swb rau hauv fiber ntau txee thiab thav duab rau fiber ntau sib txuas thiab kev faib tawm. Adapter panels thiab cassette panels yog ob hom.
Splice tais - Modular tais uas npaj ib tus neeg fiber ntau splices rau kev tiv thaiv thiab cia. Ntau lub tais muaj nyob hauv cov khoom siv fiber ntau thiab thav ntawv. Splice trays tso cai rau cov slack fiber ntau nyob tom qab splicing rau txav / ntxiv / hloov hloov yooj yam tsis muaj resplicing.
Slack spools - Rotating spools los yog reels mounted nyob rau hauv fiber faib units khaws cia ntau tshaj los yog spare fiber cable lengths. Slack spools tiv thaiv fiber ntau los ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus khoov vojvoog, txawm tias thaum taug kev qhov chaw nruj ntawm cov ntaub thaiv thiab cov txee.
Patch cables - Ntev ntev ntawm fiber ntau cordage tau txiav mus tas li ntawm ob qho kawg nrog cov khoom sib txuas los muab kev sib txuas yooj yim ntawm thaj chaw, cov khoom siv chaw nres nkoj, thiab lwm cov ntsiab lus txiav. Patch cables tso cai rau kev hloov pauv sai rau kev sib txuas fiber ntau thaum xav tau.

Fiber optic connectivity Cheebtsam nrog rau kev tiv thaiv enclosures thiab txee tsim ib tug kev sib koom ua ke los faib fiber ntau nyob rau hauv networking khoom, cov neeg siv, thiab cov chaw. Thaum tsim fiber ntau tes hauj lwm, integrators yuav tsum xav txog tag nrho cov infrastructure xav tau ntxiv rau fiber optic cable nws tus kheej. Lub tshuab xa khoom kom zoo txhawb nqa kev ua haujlwm fiber ntau, muab kev nkag tau thiab hloov tau yooj yim, thiab txuas ntxiv lub neej ntev ntawm fiber ntau tes hauj lwm.

Kev siv ntawm Fiber Optic Cables

Fiber optic tes hauj lwm tau dhau los ua cov pob txha ntawm kev sib txuas lus niaj hnub, muab cov ntaub ntawv ceev ceev thiab kev sib txuas hauv ntau qhov chaw.

Ib qho ntawm cov kev siv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm fiber optic cables yog nyob rau hauv kev sib txuas lus infrastructure. Fiber optic tes hauj lwm tau qhib kev sib txuas ceev ceev rau kev siv internet thiab xov tooj thoob ntiaj teb. Lub siab bandwidth ntawm fiber optic cables tso cai rau kev xa xov ceev ntawm lub suab, cov ntaub ntawv, thiab yees duab. Cov tuam txhab loj hauv xov tooj tau nqis peev ntau hauv kev tsim kho lub ntiaj teb fiber optic tes hauj lwm.

Fiber optic sensors muaj ntau yam kev siv tshuaj thiab kev kho mob. Lawv tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv cov cuab yeej phais mob los muab kev ua kom zoo dua qub, kev pom, thiab kev tswj xyuas. Fiber optic sensors kuj tseem siv los saib xyuas cov cim tseem ceeb rau cov neeg mob hnyav thiab tuaj yeem kuaj pom cov kev hloov pauv tsis zoo rau tib neeg lub siab. Cov kws kho mob tab tom tshawb xyuas siv fiber ntau optic sensors los kuaj xyuas cov kab mob uas tsis yog-invasively los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom ntawm lub teeb mus los ntawm cov neeg mob cov ntaub so ntswg.

Cov tub rog siv fiber ntau optic cables rau kev ruaj ntseg kev sib txuas lus thiab sensing technologies. Lub dav hlau thiab tsheb feem ntau siv fiber ntau optics los txo qhov hnyav thiab hluav taws xob cuam tshuam. Fiber optic gyroscopes muab cov ntaub ntawv qhia meej meej rau kev taw qhia. Cov tub rog tseem siv cov fiber ntau optic sensing los saib xyuas thaj chaw loj ntawm thaj av lossis cov qauv rau txhua qhov kev cuam tshuam uas tuaj yeem qhia txog kev ua yeeb ncuab lossis kev puas tsuaj. Qee lub dav hlau sib ntaus sib tua thiab cov cuab yeej cuab tam qib siab vam khom fiber ntau optics.

Fiber optic teeb pom kev zoo siv fiber ntau optic cables xa mus rau lub teeb rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj daim ntaub ntawv xws li mus ob peb vas teeb pom kev zoo nyob rau hauv tsev los yog tsom teeb nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej. Lub teeb ci, lub zog siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem hloov kho rau hauv cov xim sib txawv, cov duab, thiab lwm yam teebmeem siv cov ntxaij lim dej thiab lo ntsiab muag. Fiber optic teeb pom kev zoo kuj ua kom muaj cua sov tsawg heev piv rau cov teeb pom kev zoo, txo cov nqi kho, thiab muaj lub neej ntev dua.

Kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov qauv siv fiber ntau optic sensors los kuaj xyuas cov kev hloov lossis kev puas tsuaj hauv cov tsev, txuas hniav, dams, tunnels, thiab lwm yam infrastructure. Cov sensors tuaj yeem ntsuas kev vibrations, suab, kub hloov pauv, thiab feeb txav tsis pom rau tib neeg cov neeg soj ntsuam kom txheeb xyuas cov teeb meem ua ntej tag nrho tsis ua haujlwm. Qhov kev soj ntsuam no txhawm rau txhim kho kev nyab xeeb rau pej xeem los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov qauv kev puas tsuaj. Fiber optic sensors yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau daim ntawv thov no vim lawv qhov tseeb, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam, thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig xws li corrosion.

Ntxiv rau cov ntawv thov uas tau hais los saum toj no, muaj ntau lwm yam kev siv uas fiber ntau optics excel nyob rau hauv ntau yam lag luam thiab chaw, xws li:

Campus distributor network
Data center network
Muaj fiber ntau network
Fiber rau kav hlau txais xov (FTTA)
FTTx networks
5G wireless networks
Telecommunications tes hauj lwm
Cable TV networks
thiab lwm yam

Yog tias koj xav paub ntau ntxiv, txais tos mus saib ntawm kab lus no: Daim Ntawv Thov Fiber Optic Cable: Daim Ntawv Teev Npe & Piav Qhia (2023)

Fiber Optic Cables vs. Copper Cables

Fiber optic cables muaj Cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb tshaj li cov kab hluav taws xob tooj liab rau kev xa cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws zoo yog bandwidth siab dua thiab ceev ceev. Fiber optic transmissions muaj peev xwm nqa tau ntau cov ntaub ntawv ntau dua li tooj liab cables ntawm tib qhov loj. Ib qho fiber ntau optic cable tuaj yeem xa ob peb Terabits ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ib ob, uas yog txaus bandwidth rau kwj ntau txhiab tus siab txhais cov yeeb yaj kiab ib zaug. Cov peev txheej no tso cai rau fiber ntau optics kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, suab, thiab kev sib txuas lus video.

Fiber optic cables kuj ua kom muaj kev sib txuas hauv internet sai dua thiab rub tawm nrawm rau tsev thiab kev lag luam. Thaum tooj liab cables raug txwv rau qhov siab tshaj plaws rub tawm ceev ntawm li 100 Megabits ib ob, kev sib txuas ntawm fiber ntau tuaj yeem tshaj 2 Gigabits ib thib ob rau kev pabcuam hauv tsev - 20 zaug sai dua. Fiber optics tau ua ultrafast broadband internet nkag tau dav nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb no.

Fiber optic cables yog sib dua, ntau compact, ruaj, thiab huab cua resistant tshaj tooj liab cables. Lawv tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm electromagnetic cuam tshuam thiab yuav tsum tsis muaj teeb liab txhawb rau kev sib kis mus ntev. Fiber optic tes hauj lwm kuj muaj lub neej muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua 25 xyoo, ntev dua li cov tes hauj lwm tooj liab uas xav tau kev hloov pauv tom qab 10-15 xyoo. Vim lawv qhov tsis yog-conductive thiab tsis-combustible xwm, fiber optic cables muaj tsawg dua kev nyab xeeb thiab hluav taws kub.

Thaum cov fiber ntau optic cables zoo li muaj tus nqi siab dua, lawv feem ntau muab cov nyiaj khaws cia rau lub neej ntawm lub network hauv kev txo qis kev saib xyuas thiab kev siv nyiaj ua haujlwm nrog rau kev ntseeg siab dua. Tus nqi ntawm fiber optic Cheebtsam thiab kev sib txuas kuj tau poob qis heev nyob rau hauv ob peb lub xyoo dhau los, ua fiber optic tes hauj lwm yog ib qho kev xaiv nyiaj txiag rau kev sib txuas lus loj thiab me me.

Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus, piv rau cov tsoos tooj liab thiab lwm yam kis tau tus mob nruab nrab, fiber optic cables boasts tseem ceeb technical zoo rau high-ceev, ntev thiab high-muaj peev xwm kis tau tus mob cov ntaub ntawv, raws li zoo raws li kev lag luam thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev sib txuas lus thiab kev siv. Cov cwj pwm zoo tshaj no tau ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tooj liab nrog fiber ntau optics thoob plaws ntau qhov kev lag luam thev naus laus zis.

Installation ntawm Fiber Optic Cables

Txhim kho fiber ntau optic cables yuav tsum tau tuav kom zoo, splicing, txuas, thiab kuaj kom txo cov teeb liab poob thiab ua kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua tau zoo. Fiber optic splicing koom nrog ob fibers ua ke los ntawm melting lawv thiab fusing lawv zoo kawg nkaus ua raws li mus txuas ntxiv lub teeb. Mechanical splices thiab fusion splices yog ob txoj hauv kev, nrog fusion splices muab lub teeb qis dua. Fiber optic amplifiers kuj tseem siv nyob rau hauv qhov ntev los txhawb lub teeb liab yam tsis tas yuav hloov lub teeb rov qab mus rau lub teeb liab hluav taws xob.

Fiber optic connectors yog siv los txuas thiab disconnect cables ntawm junctions thiab khoom interfaces. Kev txhim kho kom zoo ntawm cov khoom sib txuas yog qhov tseem ceeb kom txo qis rov qab xav txog thiab lub zog poob. Hom fiber ntau optic connectors muaj xws li ST, SC, LC, thiab MPO connectors. Fiber optic transmitters, receivers, keyboards, filters, thiab splitters kuj tau ntsia thoob plaws hauv fiber optic tes hauj lwm los coj thiab ua cov teeb liab kho qhov muag.

Kev nyab xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txiav txim siab thaum txhim kho cov khoom siv fiber ntau. Laser lub teeb kis tau los ntawm fiber ntau optic cables tuaj yeem ua rau qhov muag puas. Kev tiv thaiv qhov muag kom raug thiab ceev faj cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau ua raws. Cables yuav tsum muaj kev ruaj ntseg txaus thiab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob tangling, kinking, los yog breakage uas yuav ua rau lub cable siv tsis tau. Cov kab hluav taws xob sab nraum zoov muaj cov rwb thaiv tsev tiv thaiv huab cua ntxiv tab sis tseem xav tau kev teeb tsa kom zoo kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj ib puag ncig.

Fiber optic installation yuav tsum tau ntxuav kom huv si, tshuaj xyuas, thiab kuaj tag nrho cov khoom ua ntej xa mus. Txawm tias me me tsis zoo los yog muaj kab mob ntawm cov khoom sib txuas, cov ntsiab lus splice, lossis cov tsho cable tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov teeb liab lossis tso cai rau kev cuam tshuam ntawm ib puag ncig. Kev ntsuas qhov muag tsis pom thiab ntsuas lub ntsuas hluav taws xob thoob plaws hauv txheej txheem kev teeb tsa kom ntseeg tau tias lub kaw lus yuav ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txaus rau qhov kev ncua deb thiab tus nqi me ntsis.

Txhim kho fiber ntau optic infrastructure xav tau kev txawj ntse thiab kev paub ua kom tiav thaum ua kom muaj kev ntseeg siab thiab txo cov teeb meem yav tom ntej. Ntau lub tuam txhab thev naus laus zis thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm cabling muab cov kev pabcuam fiber ntau optic los daws cov kev nyuaj thiab cov kev cai rau kev teeb tsa fiber ntau optic tes hauj lwm ob qho tib si loj thiab me. Nrog rau cov txheej txheem thiab kev txawj ntse, fiber ntau optic cables tuaj yeem muab cov teeb liab kis tau zoo rau ntau xyoo thaum teeb tsa kom raug.

Terminating Fiber Optic Cables

Terminating fiber ntau optic cables Yuav tsum txuas cov connectors rau cable strands kom muaj kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv sib txuas los yog hauv thaj chaw. Cov txheej txheem txiav tawm yuav tsum muaj qhov tseeb thiab cov txheej txheem tsim nyog kom txo qis thiab ua kom zoo dua kev ua haujlwm los ntawm kev sib txuas. Cov kauj ruam kev txiav tawm feem ntau suav nrog:

Tshem lub tsho cable thiab txhua qhov kev txhawb nqa, nthuav tawm cov kab liab qab fiber ntau. Ntsuas qhov ntev ntev uas xav tau thiab nruj nreem tshem tawm cov fiber ntau uas tsis siv kom tsis txhob muaj av noo / paug tawm.
Txiav txim siab hom fiber ntau (singlemode/multimode) thiab qhov loj me (SMF-28, OM1, thiab lwm yam). Xaiv cov khoom sib txuas tau zoo li LC, SC, ST lossis MPO tsim los rau ib leeg lossis ntau hom. Match connector ferrule qhov ntau thiab tsawg rau fiber ntau diameters.
Ntxuav thiab strip cov fiber ntau rau qhov ntev ntev uas xav tau rau hom connector. Ua tib zoo txiav kom tsis txhob muaj fiber ntau puas. Rov ntxuav cov fiber ntau kom tshem tawm cov kab mob.
Siv epoxy los yog polishable fiber ntau compound (rau multi-fiber MPO) rau lub connector ferrule kawg lub ntsej muag. Huab cua npuas yuav tsum tsis txhob pom. Rau cov khoom sib txuas ua ntej polished, tsuas yog ntxuav thiab tshuaj xyuas lub ntsej muag ferrule kawg.
Ua tib zoo ntxig cov fiber ntau rau hauv lub connector ferrule nyob rau hauv kom zoo magnification. Ferrule yuav tsum txhawb lub fiber kawg ntawm nws lub ntsej muag kawg. Fiber yuav tsum tsis txhob protrude ntawm lub ntsej muag kawg.
Kho cov epoxy los yog polishing compound raws li qhia. Rau epoxy, feem ntau siv 10-15 feeb. Kev kho cua sov lossis kev kho UV tuaj yeem hloov pauv raws li cov khoom tshwj xeeb.
Tshawb xyuas lub ntsej muag kawg nyob rau hauv qhov kev nthuav dav kom paub tseeb tias fiber ntau yog nruab nrab thiab protruding me ntsis ntawm qhov kawg ntawm ferrule. Rau cov khoom sib txuas ua ntej polished, tsuas yog rov tshuaj xyuas lub ntsej muag kawg ntawm cov kab mob lossis kev puas tsuaj ua ntej mating.
Ntsuam xyuas qhov kev txiav txim tiav kom paub meej tias qhov ua tau zoo ua ntej xa mus. Siv qhov muag pom fiber ntau txuas ntxiv ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus kom paub meej tias cov teeb liab kis tau los ntawm kev sib txuas tshiab. Ib qho OTDR kuj tseem siv tau los ntsuas qhov poob thiab nrhiav cov teeb meem.
Ua kom muaj kev tu thiab tshuaj xyuas kom zoo rau lub ntsej muag txuas tom qab sib txuas kom tsis txhob muaj teeb liab poob lossis cov khoom puas tsuaj los ntawm cov kab mob. Caps yuav tsum tiv thaiv cov connectors unmated.

Nrog rau kev xyaum thiab cov cuab yeej zoo / cov khoom siv, ua tiav qhov kev txiav tawm qis yuav ua kom nrawm thiab zoo ib yam. Txawm li cas los xij, muab qhov tseeb xav tau, nws raug pom zoo tias cov kws tshaj lij fiber ntau tau ua tiav kev txiav txim siab ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm bandwidth network thaum twg ua tau los xyuas kom meej qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws thiab lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Kev txawj ntse thiab kev paub dhau los tseem ceeb rau kev sib txuas ntawm fiber ntau.

Splicing Fiber Optic Cables

Hauv fiber ntau optic tes hauj lwm, splicing hais txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev koom nrog ob lossis ntau dua fiber ntau optic cables ua ke. Cov txheej txheem no enables lub seamless kis ntawm optical signals nruab nrab ntawm cov cables, tso cai rau kev nthuav dav lossis kho cov fiber ntau optic tes hauj lwm. Fiber optic splicing feem ntau yog ua thaum txuas cov kab txuas tshiab, txuas cov tes hauj lwm uas twb muaj lawm, lossis kho cov khoom puas. Nws ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom ntseeg tau cov ntaub ntawv xa mus tau zoo.

Muaj ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm splicing fiber optic cables:

1. Fusion Splicing:

Fusion splicing koom nrog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm ob lub fiber optic cables los ntawm melting thiab fusing lawv lub ntsej muag kawg ua ke. Cov txheej txheem no yuav tsum tau siv cov fusion splicer, ib lub tshuab tshwj xeeb uas ua kom zoo sib xws thiab yaj cov fibers. Thaum melted, cov fibers yog fused ua ke, tsim ib tug nruam kev twb kev txuas. Fusion splicing muaj qhov poob qis thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntev ntev, ua rau nws txoj kev nyiam rau kev sib txuas ua haujlwm siab.

Cov txheej txheem fusion splicing feem ntau suav nrog cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:

Kev npaj Fiber: Cov txheej tiv thaiv ntawm cov fibers yog stripped, thiab cov liab qab fibers yog ntxuav kom zoo zoo splicing tej yam kev mob.
Fiber alignment: Lub fusion splicer dlhos cov fibers los ntawm precisely txuam lawv cores, cladding, thiab coatings.
Fiber Fusion: Lub splicer tsim hluav taws xob arc lossis laser beam kom yaj thiab fuse cov fibers ua ke.
Kev tiv thaiv Splice: Lub tes tsho tiv thaiv los yog cov ntaub thaiv npog yog siv rau thaj tsam spliced los muab cov neeg kho tshuab lub zog thiab tiv thaiv cov splice los ntawm ib puag ncig yam.

2. Mechanical Splicing:

Mechanical splicing yuav koom nrog fiber ntau optic cables siv cov cuab yeej sib dhos lossis cov khoom sib txuas. Tsis zoo li fusion splicing, mechanical splicing tsis yaj thiab fuse cov fibers ua ke. Hloov chaw, nws tso siab rau kev sib raug zoo thiab lub cev sib txuas los tsim kho qhov muag txuas ntxiv. Mechanical splices feem ntau haum rau kev kho ib ntus lossis kho sai, vim tias lawv muaj qhov poob qis dua me ntsis thiab tej zaum yuav tsis muaj zog dua li fusion splices.

Cov txheej txheem ntawm mechanical splicing feem ntau suav nrog cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:

Kev npaj Fiber: Cov fibers tau npaj los ntawm stripping cov txheej tiv thaiv thiab cleaving lawv kom tau lub ntsej muag ncaj, perpendicular kawg.
Fiber alignment: Cov fibers yog precisely dlhos thiab tuav ua ke siv cov khoom sib dhos, splice tes tsho, los yog connectors.
Kev tiv thaiv Splice: Zoo ib yam li fusion splicing, lub tes tsho tiv thaiv los yog cov ntaub thaiv yog siv los tiv thaiv thaj tsam spliced los ntawm lwm yam.

Ob qho tib si fusion splicing thiab mechanical splicing muaj lawv qhov zoo thiab siv tau raws li cov kev cai tshwj xeeb ntawm fiber optic network. Fusion splicing muab kev sib txuas ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha nrog qis qis qis, ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau kev teeb tsa mus sij hawm ntev thiab kev sib txuas lus siab. Ntawm qhov tod tes, mechanical splicing muab cov kev daws teeb meem sai dua thiab hloov tau yooj yim rau kev sib txuas ib ntus lossis cov xwm txheej uas nquag hloov lossis hloov kho dua tshiab.

Hauv cov ntsiab lus, splicing fiber optic cables yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb rau kev nthuav dav, kho, lossis txuas fiber ntau optic tes hauj lwm. Txawm hais tias siv fusion splicing rau kev sib txuas mus tas li lossis cov khoom siv sib txuas rau kev kho ib ntus, cov txheej txheem no ua kom tsis muaj kev sib kis ntawm cov teeb liab kho qhov muag, tso cai rau kev sib txuas lus cov ntaub ntawv zoo thiab txhim khu kev qha hauv ntau daim ntawv thov.

Sab hauv tsev vs Sab nraum zoov Fiber Optic Cables

1. Sab hauv fiber ntau optic cables yog dab tsi thiab nws ua haujlwm li cas

Sab hauv fiber ntau optic cables tshwj xeeb tsim los siv nyob rau hauv cov tsev los yog qhov chaw kaw. Cov kab hluav taws xob no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev muab cov ntaub ntawv ceev ceev thiab kev sib txuas hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm xws li chaw ua haujlwm, cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv, thiab cov tsev nyob. Nov yog qee cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xav txog thaum tham txog sab hauv fiber ntau optic cables:

Tsim thiab tsim kho: Sab hauv fiber ntau optic cables yog tsim los ua lub teeb yuag, hloov tau yooj yim, thiab yooj yim rau nruab rau hauv ib puag ncig sab hauv. Lawv feem ntau muaj lub hauv paus tseem ceeb, cladding, thiab lub tsho tiv thaiv sab nraud. Cov tub ntxhais, ua los ntawm iav los yog yas, tso cai rau kev xa cov teeb liab teeb liab, thaum lub cladding pab txo cov teeb liab poob los ntawm kev cuam tshuam lub teeb rov qab rau hauv cov tub ntxhais. Lub tsho sab nrauv muab kev tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau lub cev thiab ib puag ncig.
Hom ntawm sab hauv tsev fiber ntau optic cables: Muaj ntau hom fiber ntau optic cables hauv tsev muaj, suav nrog cov hlua khi nruj, cov hlua xoob xoob, thiab cov hlua khi. Tight-buffered cables muaj txheej txheej ncaj qha hla cov fiber ntau, ua rau lawv tsim nyog rau kev siv luv luv thiab kev teeb tsa hauv tsev. Loose-tube cables muaj gel-filled hlab uas npog cov fiber ntau, muab kev tiv thaiv ntxiv rau sab nraum zoov thiab sab hauv tsev / sab nraum zoov. Ribbon cables muaj ntau cov fiber ntau sib txuas ua ke hauv ib lub tiaj tiaj zoo li kev teeb tsa, ua kom muaj fiber ntau suav hauv daim ntawv cog lus.
Daim ntaub ntawv: Sab hauv tsev fiber ntau optic cables yog dav siv rau ntau yam kev siv hauv tsev. Lawv feem ntau xa mus rau thaj chaw hauv cheeb tsam (LANs) txhawm rau txuas cov khoos phis tawj, servers, thiab lwm yam khoom siv hauv network. Lawv pab kom xa cov ntaub ntawv siab-bandwidth, xws li video streaming, huab xam, thiab hloov cov ntaub ntawv loj, nrog tsawg latency. Sab hauv fiber ntau optic cables kuj tau siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem cabling los txhawb kev sib txuas lus, kev sib txuas hauv internet, thiab kev pabcuam suab.
Zoo: Sab hauv fiber ntau optic cables muaj ntau qhov zoo dua li cov kab tooj liab. Lawv muaj peev xwm ntau dua bandwidth, tso cai rau cov ntaub ntawv sib kis tau nrawm dua thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm hauv network. Lawv tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam ntawm electromagnetic cuam tshuam (EMI) thiab xov tooj cua zaus cuam tshuam (RFI) vim lawv xa cov teeb liab teeb liab tsis siv hluav taws xob. Fiber optic cables kuj muaj kev ruaj ntseg dua, vim lawv nyuaj rau coj mus rhaub los yog cuam tshuam yam tsis ua rau pom cov teeb liab poob.
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm installation: Cov txheej txheem kev teeb tsa kom raug yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm sab hauv fiber ntau optic cables. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau tswj cov cables nrog kev saib xyuas kom tsis txhob khoov lossis sib tw dhau ntawm lawv qhov kev pom zoo khoov vojvoog. Qhov chaw huv thiab tsis muaj plua plav yog qhov nyiam thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa thiab kev saib xyuas, vim tias cov khoom paug tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov teeb liab zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tswj xyuas cov kab hluav taws xob kom zoo, suav nrog kev ua haujlwm, kev sau npe, thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov cables, ua kom yooj yim ntawm kev saib xyuas thiab scalability.

Zuag qhia tag nrho, sab hauv tsev fiber ntau optic cables muab kev ntseeg siab thiab siv tau zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xa mus rau hauv cov tsev, txhawb kev xav tau ntau ntxiv rau kev sib txuas ceev hauv cov chaw niaj hnub no.

2. Sab nraum zoov fiber ntau optic cables yog dab tsi thiab nws ua haujlwm li cas

Sab nraum zoov fiber ntau optic cables yog tsim los rau tiv taus ib puag ncig hnyav thiab muab cov ntaub ntawv txhim khu kev qha kis tau tus mob mus ntev. Cov kab hluav taws xob no feem ntau yog siv rau kev sib txuas network infrastructure ntawm cov tsev, tsev kawm ntawv, lossis thoob plaws thaj chaw loj. Nov yog qee cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb los xav txog thaum tham txog sab nraum zoov fiber ntau optic cables:

Kev tsim kho thiab kev tiv thaiv: Sab nraum zoov fiber ntau optic cables yog engineered nrog cov ntaub ntawv ruaj khov thiab tiv thaiv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg kom ntseeg tau tias lawv tsis kam mus rau ib puag ncig yam. Lawv feem ntau muaj cov tub ntxhais hauv nruab nrab, cladding, cov hlab tsis muaj zog, cov tswv cuab lub zog, thiab lub tsho sab nrauv. Cov tub ntxhais thiab cladding yog ua los ntawm iav los yog yas kom muaj kev sib kis ntawm lub teeb pom kev. Cov hlab ntsha tsis tiv thaiv tus kheej cov fiber ntau thiab tuaj yeem ntim nrog cov gel lossis cov khoom thaiv dej los tiv thaiv dej nkag. Cov tswv cuab muaj zog, xws li aramid yarns lossis fiberglass rods, muab kev txhawb nqa txhua yam, thiab lub tsho sab nrauv tiv thaiv cov kab hluav taws xob los ntawm UV hluav taws xob, noo noo, kub hloov pauv, thiab kev puas tsuaj rau lub cev.
Hom sab nraum zoov fiber ntau optic cables: Muaj ntau hom sab nraum zoov fiber ntau optic cables muaj kom haum rau ntau yam kev xav tau. Loose-tube cables feem ntau yog siv rau kev teeb tsa sab nraum zoov ntev. Lawv muaj cov fibers ib leeg tso rau hauv cov hlab tsis muaj zog rau kev tiv thaiv kev ya raws thiab kev ntxhov siab. Ribbon cables, zoo ib yam li lawv cov khoom siv sab hauv tsev, muaj ntau yam fiber ntau sib txuas ua ke hauv ib lub tiaj tiaj tiaj, tso cai rau kom muaj fiber ntau ntau dua hauv daim ntawv compact. Aerial cables yog tsim los rau kev teeb tsa ntawm cov ncej, thaum ncaj qha faus cables yog tsim los muab faus rau hauv av yam tsis tas yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv ntxiv.
Sab nraum zoov installation daim ntaub ntawv: Sab nraum zoov fiber ntau optic cables yog siv nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev siv, xws li ntev-ntev telecommunications tes hauj lwm, lub nroog cheeb tsam network (MANs), thiab fiber-to-the-tsev (FTTH) deployments. Lawv muab kev sib txuas ntawm cov tsev, tsev kawm ntawv, thiab cov chaw zov me nyuam, thiab tseem tuaj yeem siv rau kev sib txuas cov chaw nyob deb nroog lossis tsim kom muaj peev xwm rov qab muaj peev xwm sib txuas rau wireless networks. Sab nraum zoov fiber ntau optic cables pab kom ceev cov ntaub ntawv kis tau tus mob, video streaming, thiab kev siv internet nyob rau hauv dav dav.
Environmental xav txog: Sab nraum zoov fiber ntau optic cables yuav tsum tiv taus ntau yam kev sib tw ib puag ncig. Lawv tau tsim los tiv thaiv qhov kub thiab txias, noo noo, hluav taws xob UV, thiab tshuaj lom neeg. Lawv tau tsim tshwj xeeb tsim kom muaj lub zog tensile zoo heev thiab tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam, puas, thiab kev puas tsuaj rau nas. Tshwj xeeb armored cables lossis aerial cables nrog cov xaim xaim xaim yog siv rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj kev ntxhov siab rau lub cev lossis qhov chaw teeb tsa yuav cuam tshuam txog kev tshem tawm ntawm tus ncej.
Kho thiab kho: Sab nraum zoov fiber ntau optic cables yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam raws sij hawm thiab kev saib xyuas kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua tau zoo. Kev tu thiab tshuaj xyuas cov connectors, splices, thiab txiav cov ntsiab lus yog qhov tseem ceeb. Kev tiv thaiv kev ntsuas, xws li kev ntsuas ib ntus rau cov dej nkag thiab saib xyuas cov teeb liab poob, yuav tsum tau ua kom pom cov teeb meem tshwm sim. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm cable puas, kho cov txheej txheem uas muaj fusion splicing los yog mechanical splicing tej zaum yuav ua hauj lwm los kho qhov muag fiber qhov txuas ntxiv.

Sab nraum zoov fiber ntau optic cables ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim kom muaj kev sib txuas lus zoo thiab txhim khu kev qha hauv kev sib txuas ntev. Lawv muaj peev xwm tiv taus ib puag ncig hnyav thiab tswj cov teeb liab kev ncaj ncees ua rau lawv tsis muaj peev xwm txuas ntxiv kev sib txuas hauv network dhau lub tsev thiab thoob plaws cheeb tsam sab nraum zoov.

3. Sab hauv vs Sab nraum zoov Fiber Optic Cables: Yuav xaiv li cas

Xaiv qhov tsim nyog ntawm fiber ntau optic cable rau ib puag ncig kev teeb tsa yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm network, kev ntseeg siab thiab kev ua neej. Cov kev xav tseem ceeb rau sab hauv tsev vs sab nraum zoov cables suav nrog:

Teeb meem mob - Sab nraum zoov cables raug ntsuas rau huab cua, tshav ntuj, noo noo, thiab kub heev. Lawv siv cov tsho tuab, UV-resistant thiab gels lossis roj los tiv thaiv cov dej nkag. Cov kab hluav taws xob sab hauv tsev tsis tas yuav tsum muaj cov khoom no thiab muaj cov tsho nyias nyias, uas tsis muaj qhov ntsuas. Kev siv cov kab hluav taws xob sab hauv tsev sab nraum zoov yuav ua rau lub cable puas sai sai.
Cheebtsam ntsuam xyuas - Cov kab hluav taws xob sab nraud siv cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb rau cov cheeb tsam hnyav xws li cov tswv cuab lub zog stainless hlau, cov dej thaiv cov aramid yarns, thiab cov khoom txuas / splices nrog gel seals. Cov khoom siv no tsis tsim nyog rau kev teeb tsa sab hauv tsev thiab tshem tawm lawv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw sab nraum zoov yuav txo tau txoj sia ntawm cable.
Conduit vs direct burial - Cov kab hluav taws xob sab nraum zoov tau teeb tsa hauv av tuaj yeem khiav los ntawm cov kav dej lossis muab faus ncaj qha. Cov kab hluav taws xob faus ncaj qha muaj cov tsho hnyav dua polyethylene (PE) thiab feem ntau suav nrog txheej txheej armor tag nrho rau kev tiv thaiv siab tshaj plaws thaum sib cuag nrog av. Conduit-rated cables muaj ib lub tsho sib zog thiab tsis muaj armor txij li lub conduit shields lub cable los ntawm ib puag ncig kev puas tsuaj.
Aerial vs underground - Cov kab hluav taws xob tsim los rau kev teeb tsa dav hlau muaj daim duab-8 tsim uas yog kev txhawb nqa ntawm tus ncej. Lawv xav tau UV-resistant, huab cua-rated tsho tab sis tsis muaj armor. Underground cables siv ib puag ncig, compact tsim thiab feem ntau suav nrog armor thiab dej-thaiv cov khoom rau kev teeb tsa hauv trenches lossis tunnels. Aerial cable tsis tuaj yeem tiv taus kev teeb tsa hauv av.
Qhov ntsuas hluav taws kub - Qee cov kab hluav taws xob sab hauv tsev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw tuav huab cua, xav tau cov tsho tiv thaiv hluav taws thiab cov tsho uas tsis muaj tshuaj lom kom tsis txhob kis cov nplaim taws lossis cov pa phem hauv hluav taws. Cov pa luam yeeb tsawg, xoom-halogen (LSZH) lossis hluav taws kub-retardant, asbestos-free (FR-A) cables emit me ntsis pa luam yeeb thiab tsis muaj teeb meem byproducts thaum raug hluav taws. Standard cable tuaj yeem tso pa tawm cov pa phem, yog li cov hluav taws kub hluav taws xob muaj kev nyab xeeb dua rau thaj chaw uas cov neeg coob coob tuaj yeem cuam tshuam.

Saib Ntxiv: Sab hauv tsev thiab sab nraum zoov Fiber Optic Cables: Cov hauv paus, qhov sib txawv, thiab yuav xaiv li cas

Xaiv hom cable kom raug rau ib puag ncig kev teeb tsa tswj xyuas lub sijhawm ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm tau zoo thaum tsis txhob raug nqi hloov ntawm cov khoom xaiv tsis raug. Sab nraum zoov-rated Cheebtsam kuj feem ntau muaj cov nqi siab dua, yog li kev txwv lawv siv rau sab nraum zoov ntawm cable pab txhim kho tag nrho cov peev nyiaj hauv network. Nrog rau qhov tsim nyog cable rau txhua qhov teeb meem ib puag ncig, txhim khu kev qha fiber ntau optic tes hauj lwm tuaj yeem xa mus rau qhov twg xav tau.

Tsim Koj Fiber Optic Network

Fiber optic tes hauj lwm yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tsim los xaiv cov khoom uas yuav haum rau cov kev xav tau tam sim no tsis tau teev rau kev loj hlob yav tom ntej thiab muab kev tiv thaiv los ntawm redundancy. Cov yam tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim fiber ntau muaj xws li:

Hom Fiber: Xaiv singlemode lossis multimode fiber ntau. Singlemode rau> 10 Gbps, ncua kev deb. Multimode rau <10 Gbps, ua haujlwm luv. Xav txog OM3, OM4 lossis OM5 rau multimode fiber ntau thiab OS2 lossis OS1 rau singlemode. Xaiv cov kab uas hla fiber ntau uas phim cov khoom sib txuas thiab cov chaw nres nkoj. Npaj hom fiber ntau nyob ib ncig ntawm qhov deb, bandwidth thiab poob nyiaj xav tau.
Network Topology: Cov kev xaiv zoo yog point-to-point (direct link), bus (multipoint: splice data into cable of endpoints), ring (multipoint: circle with endpoints), tsob ntoo / ceg (hierarchical offshoot kab), thiab mesh (ntau qhov kev sib tshuam) . Xaiv ib qho topology raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj kev sib txuas, txoj hauv kev muaj, thiab qib redundancy. Nplhaib thiab mesh topologies muab kev ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws nrog ntau txoj hauv kev.
Fiber ntau suav: Xaiv fiber ntau strand suav nyob rau hauv txhua lub cable khiav, enclosure, vaj huam sib luag raws li qhov xav tau tam sim no thiab yav tom ntej bandwidth / kev loj hlob projections. Nws yog scalable dua rau nruab lub siab tshaj plaws suav cables / cov khoom uas pob nyiaj tso cai raws li fiber ntau splicing thiab rerouting nyuaj yog xav tau ntau strands tom qab. Rau cov pob txha caj qaum tseem ceeb, cov phiaj xwm fiber ntau suav ib ncig ntawm 2-4 zaug kwv yees bandwidth xav tau tshaj 10-15 xyoo.
Scalability: Tsim cov fiber ntau infrastructure nrog rau yav tom ntej bandwidth xav tau nyob rau hauv lub siab. Xaiv cov khoom uas muaj qhov muaj peev xwm loj tshaj plaws uas muaj peev xwm ua tau thiab tawm hauv chav rau kev nthuav dav hauv cov ntaub thaiv, racks, thiab txoj hauv kev. Tsuas yog yuav cov khoom vaj huam sib luag, cassettes thiab harnesses nrog adapter hom thiab cov chaw nres nkoj suav xav tau rau cov kev xav tau tam sim no, tab sis xaiv cov khoom siv modular nrog qhov chaw rau ntau qhov chaw nres nkoj ntxiv raws li bandwidth loj hlob kom tsis txhob muaj kev hloov pauv.
Redundancy: suav nrog kev sib txuas tsis tu ncua hauv cov cabling / fiber ntau qhov chaw uas lub sijhawm tsis tuaj yeem zam tau (tsev kho mob, chaw zov me nyuam, chaw siv hluav taws xob). Siv mesh topologies, dual homing (dual links los ntawm qhov chaw mus rau lub network), los yog spanning ntoo raws tu qauv ntawm lub cev lub nplhaib topology los thaiv redundant links thiab ua kom tsis siv neeg tsis ua hauj lwm. Xwb, npaj cais txoj kev cabling thiab txoj hauv kev los muab kev sib txuas tsis tu ncua ntawm cov chaw tseem ceeb / lub tsev.
Kev siv: Ua haujlwm nrog cov kws tsim qauv thiab cov neeg tsim khoom tau lees paub nrog kev paub hauv kev xa tawm fiber ntau. Kev txawj ntse nyob ib ncig ntawm kev txiav thiab splicing fiber optic cabling, kuaj kev sib txuas, thiab commissioning Cheebtsam yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav kev ua tau zoo. Kom meej meej sau cov infrastructure rau kev tswj thiab kev daws teeb meem lub hom phiaj.

Txhawm rau kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo txuas mus ntev fiber ntau, kev npaj tsim kom muaj peev xwm tsim tau thiab muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo uas tuaj yeem hloov kho nrog rau cov thev naus laus zis sib txuas lus yog qhov tseem ceeb. Xav txog ob qho tib si tam sim no thiab yav tom ntej xav tau thaum xaiv cov fiber ntau optic cabling, cov khoom sib txuas, txoj hauv kev, thiab cov khoom siv kom tsis txhob raug nqi rov qab tsim dua lossis tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv lub network raws li bandwidth xav tau nce ntxiv rau lub neej ntawm cov txheej txheem. Nrog rau kev ua haujlwm zoo, yav tom ntej-pov thawj tsim tau ua tiav los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij kev paub dhau los, fiber ntau optic network dhau los ua ib qho cuab yeej cuab tam nrog cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm kev nqis peev.

Fiber Optic Cables Consturction: Cov lus qhia zoo tshaj plaws & Kev coj ua

Nov yog qee cov lus qhia rau kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws ntawm fiber ntau:

Ib txwm ua raws li kev pom zoo khoov vojvoog txwv rau qhov tshwj xeeb fiber optic cable hom. Khoov fiber ntau nruj heev tuaj yeem ua rau cov iav puas thiab tawg txoj hauv kev kho qhov muag.
Khaws fiber ntau optic connectors thiab adapters huv si. Kev sib txuas qias neeg los yog khawb tawg tawg lub teeb thiab txo cov teeb liab zog. Feem ntau suav tias yog # 1 ua rau lub teeb liab poob.
Siv cov khoom siv tu kom pom zoo xwb. Isopropyl cawv thiab tshwj xeeb fiber optic tu daws muaj kev nyab xeeb rau feem ntau cov fiber ntau sib txuas thaum siv kom zoo. Lwm cov tshuaj yuav ua rau cov fiber ntau puas thiab coatings.
Tiv thaiv fiber ntau optic cable los ntawm kev cuam tshuam thiab crushing. Tsoo lossis pinching fiber ntau tuaj yeem tawg lub iav, tawg lub txheej, lossis compress thiab distort lub cable, txhua yam ua rau kev puas tsuaj mus tas li.
Ua kom zoo polarity hauv duplex fiber ntau thiab MPO pob tw. Kev siv cov polarity tsis raug inhibits lub teeb kis ntawm cov fibers ua ke zoo. Master lub A, B pinout scheme thiab multiposition diagrams rau koj kev sib txuas.
Sau tag nrho cov fiber optic cable kom meej thiab tsis tu ncua. Cov txheej txheem zoo li "Rack4-PatchPanel12-Port6" tso cai rau kev txheeb xyuas yooj yim ntawm txhua qhov txuas fiber ntau.
Ntsuas qhov poob thiab sim tag nrho cov teeb tsa fiber ntau nrog OTDR. Xyuas kom qhov poob ntawm lossis qis dua cov chaw tsim khoom tshwj xeeb ua ntej yuav nyob. Saib rau qhov tsis txaus ntseeg uas qhia txog kev puas tsuaj, qhov tsis zoo splices lossis cov khoom sib txuas tsis raug uas xav tau kev kho.
Qhia cov kws tshaj lij hauv cov txheej txheem fusion splicing kom raug. Fusion splicing yuav tsum precisely kho cov fibers cores thiab muaj zoo cleave geometry ntawm splice cov ntsiab lus rau kev pom poob. Cov txheej txheem tsis zoo ua rau poob siab dua thiab txo qis kev ua haujlwm hauv lub network.
Tswj slack fiber ntau lub luag haujlwm siv fiber ntau faib units thiab slack spools. Tshaj slack fiber ntau jammed rau hauv cov ntaub thaiv kab txuas / adapters thiab nyuaj rau kev nkag los yog taug qab tom qab rau kev txav / ntxiv / hloov.
Cov ntaub ntawv tag nrho cov teeb tsa fiber ntau suav nrog cov txiaj ntsig kev xeem, qhov chaw slack, connector hom / chav kawm, thiab polarity. Cov ntaub ntawv tso cai rau kev daws teeb meem yooj yim dua, kev saib xyuas thiab kev nyab xeeb hloov kho / hloov kho rau cov tes hauj lwm. Tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau txhais tau tias pib ntawm kos.
Npaj rau kev nthuav dav thiab siab dua bandwidth yav tom ntej. Txhim kho cov fiber ntau ntau dua li qhov xav tau tam sim no thiab siv cov hlua txuas nrog rub cov hlua / cov ntawv qhia xov hlau tso cai rau cov nqi hloov kho kom zoo rau kev sib txuas ceev / muaj peev xwm hauv txoj kev.

MPO / MTP Fiber Optic Cable

MPO / MTP connectors thiab sib dhos yog siv nyob rau hauv high-fiber suav tes hauj lwm uas ib tug neeg fibers / connectors nyuaj rau tswj, xws li 100G + Ethernet thiab FTTA txuas. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm MPO muaj xws li:

1. Cov kab hluav taws xob

Muaj 12 txog 72 fibers txiav tawm ntawm ib qho MPO / MTP txuas ntawm txhua qhov kawg. Siv rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv hauv cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv, FTTA khiav cov yees, thiab cov chaw nqa khoom sib koom ua ke. Tso cai rau high-fiber ntom nyob rau hauv ib tug pluggable unit.

2. Cov hlua khi

Muaj ib qho MPO / MTP connector ntawm ib kawg thiab ntau yam simplex / duplex connectors (LC / SC) ntawm lwm qhov. Muab kev hloov pauv ntawm ntau fiber ntau mus rau ib tus neeg fiber ntau txuas. Nruab nruab nrab ntawm lub cev raws li lub cev thiab cov khoom siv nrog cov chaw nres nkoj sib cais.

3. Cov ntawv xov xwm

Loaded nrog adapter modules uas txais MPO / MTP thiab / los yog simplex / duplex connectors los muab ib tug modular cross-connectors. Cassettes mount nyob rau hauv fiber ntau faib units, thav duab, thiab thaj panels. Siv rau ob qho tib si interconnect thiab cross-connect networks. Ntau dua qhov ntom ntom dua li cov vaj huam sib luag adapter.

4. Lub cev splitters

Muaj ib qho MPO connector ntawm input kawg nrog ob MPO outputs los faib ib tug high-fiber suav lub cev rau hauv ob sab fiber ntau suav trunks. Piv txwv li, cov tswv yim ntawm 24 fibers muab faib ua ob qhov tso zis ntawm 12 fibers txhua. Tso cai rau MPO trunking tes hauj lwm kom rov tsim kho kom zoo.

5. MEPPI adapter modules

Xaub rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov khoom thauj khoom. Muaj MPO adapters nyob tom qab kom lees txais ib lossis ntau dua MPO kev sib txuas thiab ntau lub LC / SC adapters rau pem hauv ntej uas faib tawm txhua qhov fiber ntau hauv MPO txuas. Muab kev sib txuas ntawm MPO trunking thiab LC / SC kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv.

6. Kev xav txog polarity

MPO / MTP cabling yuav tsum tswj kom raug fiber ntau qhov chaw thiab polarity hla cov channel rau qhov kawg-rau-kawg txuas ntawm txoj kev kho qhov muag kom raug. Peb hom polarity muaj rau MPO: Hom A - Tus yuam sij mus rau qhov tseem ceeb, Hom B - Qhov tseem ceeb rau qhov tseem ceeb, thiab Hom C - nruab nrab kab fibers, tsis yog nruab nrab kab fibers transposed. Qhov zoo polarity los ntawm cov cabling infrastructure yog qhov tseem ceeb los yog lwm yam teeb liab yuav tsis dhau qhov tseeb ntawm cov khoom siv txuas nrog.

7. Cov ntaub ntawv thiab daim ntawv lo

Vim muaj fiber ntau suav thiab nyuaj, MPO kev teeb tsa muaj kev pheej hmoo loj ntawm kev teeb tsa tsis raug uas ua rau muaj teeb meem daws teeb meem. Cov ntaub ntawv ceev faj txog txoj hauv kev hauv lub cev, cov ntsiab lus txiav cov hlua khi, cov ntawv tso rau hauv lub cassette, qhov sib cais ntawm lub cev thiab cov hom polarity yuav tsum tau sau tseg raws li tsim los siv tom qab. Kev sau daim ntawv lo kuj tseem ceeb heev.

Fiber Optic Cable Test

Txhawm rau xyuas kom cov fiber ntau optic cables raug teeb tsa thiab ua haujlwm zoo, ntau qhov kev sim yuav tsum tau ua nrog rau kev sim txuas ntxiv, kev tshuaj xyuas lub ntsej muag kawg, thiab kuaj qhov muag tsis pom. Cov kev ntsuam xyuas no xyuas kom meej tias cov fibers tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj, cov khoom sib txuas yog qhov zoo, thiab lub teeb poob yog nyob rau hauv cov qib tau txais txiaj ntsig rau cov teeb liab kis tau zoo.

Kev tshuaj xyuas txuas ntxiv - Siv lub teeb pom kev tsis pom kev (VFL) xa cov teeb pom kev liab liab los ntawm cov fiber ntau los kuaj xyuas qhov tawg, khoov, lossis lwm yam teeb meem. Lub ci liab ntawm qhov kawg ntawm qhov kawg qhia txog qhov tsis zoo, tsis tu ncua fiber ntau.
Kev tshuaj xyuas lub ntsej muag kawg - Siv lub tshuab tsom iav fiber ntau los tshuaj xyuas lub ntsej muag kawg ntawm cov fibers thiab cov khoom sib txuas rau khawb, qhov, lossis cov kab mob. Qhov kawg-lub ntsej muag zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txo qis qhov poob thiab rov qab los. Fiber kawg-ntsej muag yuav tsum tau polished kom zoo, ntxuav, thiab tsis puas.
Kev kuaj pom qhov poob - Ntsuas lub teeb poob hauv decibels (dB) ntawm fibers thiab cov khoom kom ntseeg tau tias nws qis dua qhov nyiaj pub dawb tshaj plaws. Qhov ntsuas qhov muag tsis pom (OLTS) muaj lub teeb pom kev zoo thiab lub zog ntsuas hluav taws xob los ntsuas qhov poob. Cov qib poob tau teev tseg raws li cov yam ntxwv xws li hom cable, wavelength, nrug, thiab tus qauv network. Kev poob ntau dhau txo cov teeb liab zog thiab bandwidth.

Fiber optic cable xeem yuav tsum muaj ntau yam cuab yeej xws li:

Visual fault locator (VFL) - Emits pom lub teeb liab laser los xyuas fiber ntau txuas ntxiv thiab taug qab txoj hauv kev fiber ntau.
Fiber microscope sojntsuam - Magnifies thiab illuminates fiber kawg-ntsej muag ntawm 200X txog 400X rau kev tshuaj xyuas.
Optical Poob Test Set (OLTS) - suav nrog lub teeb ci ruaj khov thiab lub ntsuas hluav taws xob los ntsuas qhov poob hauv dB ntawm fibers, connectors thiab splices.
Cov khoom siv tu fiber ntau - Cov ntaub mos mos, ntxuav cov ntaub so, cov kuab tshuaj thiab cov swabs kom huv si fibers thiab lub ntsej muag kawg ua ntej kev sim lossis kev sib txuas. Cov kab mob sib kis yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev poob thiab kev puas tsuaj.
Siv cov kab ntawv xeem - Cov kab hluav taws xob luv luv los txuas cov cuab yeej sim mus rau cov cabling hauv kev sim. Cov kab ntawv xa mus yuav tsum yog qhov zoo kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam nrog kev ntsuas.
Cov cuab yeej tshuaj xyuas qhov muag - Teeb nyem, borescope, tshuaj xyuas daim iav siv los xyuas cov khoom siv fiber ntau thiab kev teeb tsa rau kev puas tsuaj lossis teeb meem.

Kev soj ntsuam nruj ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm fiber ntau optic thiab cov tes hauj lwm yuav tsum ua kom muaj kev ua tau zoo thiab ua raws li cov qauv kev lag luam. Kev kuaj, tshuaj xyuas thiab tu yuav tsum tau ua thaum lub sij hawm pib installation, thaum hloov pauv, los yog poob los yog teeb meem bandwidth tshwm sim. Fiber uas dhau tag nrho cov kev xeem yuav muab ntau xyoo ceev, txhim khu kev qha kev pab cuam.

Xam xam Link Poob peev nyiaj thiab xaiv Cable

Thaum tsim cov fiber ntau optic network, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xam tag nrho cov kev txuas poob kom ntseeg tau tias muaj lub zog txaus rau lub teeb kom pom ntawm qhov kawg tau txais. Qhov txuas poob nyiaj siv rau txhua qhov kev sib txuas hauv qhov txuas, suav nrog fiber ntau cable poob, connector poob, splice poob, thiab lwm yam khoom poob. Tag nrho qhov txuas poob yuav tsum tsawg dua qhov poob uas tuaj yeem zam tau thaum tseem tuav lub teeb liab txaus, hu ua "lub zog siv nyiaj".

Txuas qhov poob yog ntsuas hauv decibels ib mais (dB/km) rau qhov tshwj xeeb fiber ntau thiab lub teeb qhov chaw wavelength siv. Cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo rau hom fiber ntau thiab wavelength yog:

Ib hom (SM) fiber ntau @ 1310 nm - 0.32-0.4 dB / km
Ib hom (SM) fiber ntau @ 1550 nm - 0.25 dB / km
Ntau hom (MM) fiber ntau @ 850 nm - 2.5-3.5 dB / km

Connector thiab splice poob yog tus nqi ruaj khov rau txhua qhov kev sib txuas, nyob ib ncig ntawm -0.5 dB ib qho kev sib txuas sib txuas lossis sib txuas sib txuas. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov connectors nyob ntawm qhov txuas ntev vim qhov txuas ntev dua yuav xav tau ntau ntu ntawm fiber ntau los koom.

Cov nyiaj siv hluav taws xob txuas txuas yuav tsum suav rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob kev nyab xeeb, thiab ib qho kev poob ntxiv los ntawm thaj chaw cables, fiber ntau attenuators, los yog cov khoom siv. Yuav tsum muaj lub zog xa hluav taws xob txaus thiab cov neeg txais kev nkag siab zoo rau qhov txuas kom ua haujlwm tau zoo nrog qee qhov kev nyab xeeb, feem ntau nyob ib ncig ntawm 10% ntawm tag nrho cov peev nyiaj.

Raws li qhov txuas tsis tau nyiaj txiag thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm lub zog, yuav tsum xaiv cov khoom siv fiber ntau thiab cov khoom xa / txais yuav tsum tau xaiv. Ib hom fiber ntau yuav tsum tau siv rau kev ncua deb lossis siab bandwidths vim nws qhov poob qis, thaum ntau hom tuaj yeem ua haujlwm rau luv luv txuas thaum tus nqi qis yog qhov tseem ceeb. Lub teeb qhov chaw thiab cov txais yuav qhia txog qhov sib xws ntawm cov tub ntxhais fiber ntau qhov loj thiab wavelength.

Cov kab hluav taws xob sab nraum zoov kuj tseem muaj qhov kev poob siab dua, yog li kev sib txuas cov peev nyiaj yuav tsum tau hloov kho kom them nyiaj thaum siv cov kab hluav taws xob sab nraum zoov. Xaiv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sab nraud thiab cov khoom sib txuas kom tsis txhob ya raws thiab huab cua puas hauv cov kev sib txuas no.

Fiber optic txuas tsuas tuaj yeem pab txhawb qhov poob qis thaum tseem muab lub zog txaus los xa cov teeb liab nyeem tau rau tus txais. Los ntawm kev suav tag nrho cov kev sib txuas poob los ntawm txhua qhov attenuation yam thiab xaiv cov khoom sib xws nrog cov txiaj ntsig poob, kev siv tau zoo thiab txhim khu kev qha fiber optic tes hauj lwm tuaj yeem tsim thiab siv. Kev poob dhau ntawm cov peev nyiaj siv hluav taws xob yuav ua rau lub teeb liab degradation, me ntsis yuam kev lossis ua tiav qhov txuas tsis ua haujlwm.

Fiber Optic Kev Lag Luam Standards

Cov qauv siv fiber ntau optic tau tsim thiab tswj los ntawm ntau lub koom haum, suav nrog:

1. Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA)

Tsim cov qauv rau cov khoom sib txuas xws li fiber ntau optic cables, connectors, splices, thiab cov khoom siv kuaj. TIA cov qauv qhia txog kev ua haujlwm, kev ntseeg siab thiab kev nyab xeeb. Cov qauv fiber ntau muaj xws li TIA-492, TIA-568, TIA-606 thiab TIA-942.

TSI-568 - Kev Lag Luam Hauv Tsev Kev Sib Txuas Lus Cabling Standard los ntawm TIA npog cov kev sim thiab kev teeb tsa rau tooj liab thiab fiber ntau cabling hauv kev lag luam ib puag ncig. TIA-568 qhia txog cov kab txuas, qhov deb, kev ua tau zoo thiab polarity rau fiber ntau txuas. Daim ntawv pov thawj ISO / IEC 11801 tus qauv.
TIA-604-5-D - Fiber Optic Connector Intermateability Standard (FOCIS) qhia txog MPO connector geometry, lub cev qhov ntev, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo kom ua tiav kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm qhov chaw thiab cabling. FOCIS-10 references 12-fiber MPO thiab FOCIS-5 references 24-fiber MPO connectors use in 40/100G parallel optics and MPO system cabling.

2. International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)

Tsim cov qauv fiber ntau thoob ntiaj teb tsom rau kev ua haujlwm, kev ntseeg siab, kev nyab xeeb, thiab kev sim. IEC 60794 thiab IEC 61280 npog fiber ntau optic cable thiab connector specifications.

ISO / IEC 11801 - International generic cabling rau cov neeg siv khoom tus qauv. Txhais kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb rau ntau qib ntawm fiber ntau (OM1 txog OM5 multimode, OS1 rau OS2 ib hom). Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb hauv 11801 tau lees paub thoob ntiaj teb thiab siv los ntawm TIA-568.
IEC 61753-1 - Fiber optic interconnecting li thiab passive Cheebtsam kev ua tau zoo tus qauv. Qhia meej txog cov kev xeem thiab cov txheej txheem kev ntsuas rau kev ntsuas qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv fiber ntau, adapters, splice protectors thiab lwm yam kev sib txuas tsis zoo siv hauv kev sib txuas fiber ntau. Siv los ntawm Telcordia GR-20-CORE thiab cov qauv kev sib txuas.

3. International Telecommunication Union (ITU)

Lub koom haum United Nations uas tsim cov qauv rau kev sib txuas lus thev naus laus zis, suav nrog fiber ntau optics. ITU-T G.651-G.657 muab kev qhia tshwj xeeb rau ib hom fiber ntau hom thiab cov yam ntxwv.

4. Lub koom haum ntawm Hluav Taws Xob thiab Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob (IEEE)

Tshaj tawm cov qauv rau kev siv tshuab fiber ntau muaj feem xyuam nrog cov chaw zov me nyuam, cov khoom siv sib txuas, thiab kev thauj mus los. IEEE 802.3 txhais cov qauv rau fiber ntau optic ethernet networks.

IEEE 802.3 - Ethernet tus qauv los ntawm IEEE uas ua rau siv fiber ntau optic cabling thiab interfaces. Fiber media specifications rau 10GBASE-SR, 10GBASE-LRM, 10GBASE-LR, 40GBASE-SR4, 100GBASE-SR10 thiab 100GBASE-LR4 yog qhia raws li OM3, OM4 thiab OS2 fiber ntau hom. MPO / MTP txuas tau teev tseg rau qee qhov xov xwm fiber ntau.

5. Electronics Industry Association (EIA)

Ua haujlwm nrog TIA los tsim cov qauv rau cov khoom sib txuas, nrog EIA-455 thiab EIA / TIA-598 tsom rau fiber ntau optic connectors thiab grounding.

6. Telcordia / Bellcore

Tsim cov qauv rau cov khoom siv network, sab nraum cov nroj tsuag cabling thiab central office fiber optics hauv Tebchaws Meskas. GR-20 muab cov qauv kev ntseeg siab rau fiber ntau optic cable.

Telcordia GR-20-CORE - Telcordia (yav tas los Bellcore) tus qauv qhia qhov yuav tsum tau muaj rau fiber ntau optic cabling siv nyob rau hauv cov cab kuj networks, central chaw ua hauj lwm thiab sab nraum nroj tsuag. Kev siv TIA thiab ISO / IEC cov qauv tab sis suav nrog cov kev tsim nyog ntxiv rau qhov kub thiab txias, kev ua neej ntev, kev tsim kho cable thiab kev ntsuas kev ua haujlwm. Muab cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam thiab cov neeg nqa khoom nrog cov lus qhia rau kev txhim kho fiber ntau txhim khu kev qha.

7. RUS Bulletin

RUS Bulletin 1715E-810 - Fiber optic specification los ntawm Rural Utilities Service (RUS) muab cov lus qhia rau kev tsim, kev teeb tsa thiab kev sim ntawm fiber ntau optic systems rau kev siv hluav taws xob. Raws li cov qauv kev lag luam tab sis suav nrog cov kev xav tau ntxiv nyob ib puag ncig splicing enclosures vaj tse, mounting hardware, labeling, bonding / grounding for utility network puag ncig

Cov qauv tseem ceeb rau fiber ntau optic tes hauj lwm rau ntau yam:

interoperability - Cheebtsam uas ua tau raws li cov qauv qub tuaj yeem ua haujlwm sib koom ua ke, tsis hais cov chaw tsim khoom. Cov qauv ua kom cov transmitters, cables, thiab receivers yuav ua haujlwm raws li kev sib koom ua ke.
Kev ntseeg tau - Cov qauv qhia cov qauv kev ua tau zoo, kev sim cov txheej txheem thiab cov yam ntxwv kev nyab xeeb los muab qib kev ntseeg siab rau cov tes hauj lwm fiber ntau thiab cov khoom siv. Cov khoom yuav tsum ua tau raws li qhov tsawg kawg nkaus lub vojvoog, rub nro, qhov kub thiab txias thiab lwm yam tshwj xeeb kom ua raws li cov qauv.
Zoo - Cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum ua raws li cov qauv tsim, cov khoom siv, thiab cov qauv tsim khoom los tsim cov khoom raws li kev cai. Qhov no ua rau ntau dua, zoo ib yam ntawm cov khoom siv fiber ntau.
Kev Pab - Cov cuab yeej siv thiab cov tes hauj lwm raws li cov qauv siv dav dav yuav muaj kev txhawb nqa ntev ntev thiab muaj cov khoom hloov pauv tau zoo. Cov cuab yeej cuab tam lossis cov cuab yeej siv tsis tau zoo yuav dhau los ua tsis tiav.

Raws li fiber ntau optic tes hauj lwm thiab thev naus laus zis txuas ntxiv mus thoob ntiaj teb, cov qauv tsom mus rau kev loj hlob los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam, kev ua tau zoo, kev ntseeg siab thiab kev txhawb nqa lub neej. Rau kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tes hauj lwm, cov qauv siv fiber ntau optic yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Redundancy Options rau Fiber Optic Networks

Rau cov tes hauj lwm tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws, kev rov ua dua yog qhov tseem ceeb. Ntau qhov kev xaiv rau kev sib koom ua ke redundancy rau hauv fiber ntau optic tes hauj lwm muaj xws li:

Kev kho tus kheej network rings - Txuas lub network nodes hauv lub nplhaib topology nrog ob txoj kev ywj pheej ntawm txhua qhov ntawm txhua qhov. Yog hais tias ib txoj kev fiber ntau raug txiav los yog puas lawm, cov tsheb thauj mus los yuav rov ua txoj hauv kev rov qab mus rau lub nplhaib. Feem ntau nyob rau hauv metro networks thiab cov chaw zov me nyuam.
Mesh topologies - Txhua lub network node txuas nrog ntau qhov chaw nyob ib puag ncig, tsim kev sib txuas tsis tu ncua. Yog tias ib txoj hauv kev ua tsis tiav, kev khiav tsheb tuaj yeem rov qab los ntawm lwm cov nodes. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau cov tsev kawm ntawv hauv tsev kawm ntawv qhov kev xav tau downtime siab.
Muaj ntau txoj kev - Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb thiab cov ntaub ntawv thaub qab dhau los ntawm ob txoj hauv kev sib txawv ntawm lub cev mus rau qhov chaw. Yog tias thawj txoj hauv kev tsis ua haujlwm, tsheb khiav ceev nrawm mus rau txoj kev thaub qab. Cov cuab yeej sib txawv, txoj hauv kev cabling thiab txawm tias thaj chaw txoj hauv kev yog siv rau qhov ntau tshaj plaws redundancy.
Cov khoom siv duplication - Cov khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv lub network zoo li cov keyboards thiab routers tau muab tso rau hauv cov teeb tsa sib luag nrog cov teeb tsa mirrored. Yog tias ib lub cuab yeej ua tsis tau lossis xav tau kev saib xyuas, chav sib tshooj yuav siv sijhawm tswj xyuas kev ua haujlwm network tam sim. Yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob dual thiab ua tib zoo tswj kev teeb tsa.
Fiber ntau txoj kev sib txawv - Qhov twg ua tau, fiber ntau optic cable rau thawj thiab rov qab txoj hauv kev ua raws txoj kev sib cais ntawm cov chaw. Qhov no tiv thaiv ib qho kev tsis ua hauj lwm hauv ib txoj hauv kev vim kev puas tsuaj lossis teeb meem ib puag ncig. Cais cov chaw nkag mus rau hauv cov tsev thiab kev siv cable nyob rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv yog siv.
Transponder duplication - Rau cov tes hauj lwm fiber ntau npog qhov kev ncua deb, amplified transponders los yog regenerators yog muab tso rau kwv yees li txhua txhua 50-100 km kom tswj lub teeb liab zog. Cov transponders rov qab (1 + 1 tiv thaiv) lossis cov kev sib txuas nrog cov transponders cais ntawm txhua txoj hauv kev ruaj ntseg qhov txuas tawm tsam amplifier tsis ua haujlwm uas yuav txwv tsis pub kev khiav tsheb.

Nrog rau ib qho kev tsim rov ua dua tshiab, tsis siv neeg tsis siv neeg rov qab mus rau cov khoom siv thaub qab yog qhov tsim nyog los kho cov kev pabcuam sai sai hauv qhov xwm txheej txhaum. Network tswj software nquag saib xyuas thawj txoj hauv kev thiab cov cuab yeej siv, tam sim ua rau cov peev txheej thaub qab yog tias pom tias tsis ua haujlwm. Redundancy xav tau kev nqis peev ntxiv tab sis muab qhov siab tshaj plaws uptime thiab resilience rau lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb fiber optic tes hauj lwm thauj lub suab, cov ntaub ntawv, thiab video.

Rau feem ntau cov tes hauj lwm, kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tswv yim tsis txaus ntseeg ua haujlwm zoo. Lub nplhaib fiber ntau tuaj yeem muaj kev sib txuas mesh tawm ntawm nws, nrog rau cov routers sib npaug thiab hloov pauv ntawm ntau lub zog. Transponders tuaj yeem muab kev rov ua dua rau kev sib txuas ntev ntawm lub nroog. Nrog kev rov ua dua ntawm cov ntsiab lus hauv lub network, kev cia siab tag nrho thiab lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tau zoo kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau.

Tus nqi kwv yees rau Fiber Optic Networks

Thaum fiber ntau optic tes hauj lwm xav tau kev nqis peev ntau dua li kev siv tooj liab, fiber ntau muab cov txiaj ntsig ntev ntev los ntawm kev ua tau zoo dua, kev ntseeg siab thiab kev ua neej. Cov nqi rau fiber ntau optic tes hauj lwm muaj xws li:

Cov nqi khoom siv - Cov cables, connectors, splice enclosures, network khoom thiab cov khoom uas yuav tsum tau rau ib tug fiber optic network. Fiber optic cable yog kim dua ib ko taw tshaj tooj liab, xws li $ 0.15 mus rau tshaj $ 5 ib ko taw nyob ntawm hom. Patch panels, keyboards, thiab routers tsim rau fiber ntau kuj feem ntau 2-3 npaug ntawm tus nqi sib npaug ntawm cov tooj liab.
Cov nqi txhim kho - Kev ua haujlwm thiab kev pabcuam rau kev txhim kho cov fiber ntau optic cabling infrastructure nrog rau cable rub, splicing, txiav, kuaj thiab teeb meem. Kev teeb tsa tus nqi yog li ntawm $ 150-500 rau ib qho kev txiav tawm fiber ntau, $ 750- $ 2000 rau ib txoj kab sib txuas, thiab $ 15,000 ib mais rau kev teeb tsa sab nraum zoov. Complex networks nyob rau hauv congested cheeb tsam los yog aerial installations nce nqi.
Cov nqi tsis tu ncua - Cov nuj nqis rau kev khiav hauj lwm, tswj thiab tswj cov fiber ntau optic network nrog rau kev siv hluav taws xob, kev xav tau cua txias rau cov khoom siv, kev xauj tsev ntawm txoj cai nkag, thiab cov nqi rau kev saib xyuas / kev tswj xyuas network. Daim ntawv cog lus txij nkawm txhua xyoo los txhawb cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm 10-15% ntawm cov khoom siv thawj zaug.

Thaum cov khoom siv thiab kev teeb tsa cov nqi rau fiber ntau dua, lub neej ntawm fiber ntau optic systems yog ntev dua. Fiber optic cable tuaj yeem ua haujlwm rau 25-40 xyoo yam tsis muaj kev hloov pauv tsuas yog 10-15 xyoo rau tooj liab, thiab yuav tsum muaj kev saib xyuas tsawg dua. Bandwidth xav tau kuj tseem muab ob npaug rau txhua 2-3 xyoos, txhais tau tias txhua lub network tooj liab yuav xav tau kev hloov pauv tag nrho los txhim kho lub peev xwm hauv nws lub neej siv tau.

Cov lus hauv qab no muab kev sib piv ntawm cov nqi rau ntau hom kev lag luam fiber ntau optic tes hauj lwm:

Network Hom	Tus nqi khoom / Ft	Installation Nqi / Ft	Cia siab rau lub neej
Single-mode OS 2	$ 0.50- $ 2	$5	25-40 xyoo
OM3 Multi-mode	$ 0.15- $ 0.75	$ 1- $ 3	10-15 xyoo
OS2 w/ 12-strand fibers	$ 1.50- $ 5	$ 10- $ 20	25-40 xyoo
Kev tsis sib haum xeeb	2-3x standard	2-3x standard	25-40 xyoo

Thaum lub tshuab fiber ntau xav tau cov peev txheej pib ntau dua, cov txiaj ntsig ntev hauv kev ua haujlwm, kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev siv nyiaj txiag ua rau fiber ntau xaiv rau cov koom haum saib 10-20 xyoo tom ntej. Rau yav tom ntej-pov thawj kev sib txuas, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws, thiab kev zam ntawm kev ua tsis tiav thaum ntxov, fiber optics ua kom pom tus nqi qis dua ntawm kev ua tswv cuab thiab tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev nqis peev raws li cov tes hauj lwm nce nrawm thiab muaj peev xwm dhau sijhawm.

Yav tom ntej ntawm Fiber Optic Cables

Fiber optic thev naus laus zis txuas ntxiv mus nrawm nrawm, ua kom muaj cov khoom siv tshiab thiab kev siv. Cov qauv tam sim no suav nrog kev nthuav dav ntawm 5G wireless tes hauj lwm, dav siv fiber ntau rau hauv tsev (FTTH) kev sib txuas, thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv chaw tsim khoom. Cov qauv no tso siab rau kev kub ceev, muaj peev xwm fiber ntau optic tes hauj lwm thiab yuav tsav kev hloov tshiab ntxiv hauv fiber ntau optic Cheebtsam thiab modules kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm bandwidth.

Tshiab fiber optic connectors, keyboards, transmitters, thiab receivers yog tsim los tswj cov ntaub ntawv ntau dua thiab ntau dua kev twb kev txuas ceev. Optical amplifiers thiab lwm qhov chaw laser tau ua kom zoo dua los txhawb cov teeb meem ntev dua yam tsis muaj rov ua dua. Cov fibers me me thiab ntau cov tub ntxhais fibers nyob rau hauv ib lub cable yuav ua rau kom bandwidth thiab cov ntaub ntawv muaj peev xwm. Kev nce qib hauv fiber ntau optic splicing, kuaj, thiab tu cov tswv yim txhawm rau txo cov teeb liab poob ntxiv rau kev ua tau zoo dua.

Cov peev txheej yav tom ntej ntawm kev siv tshuab fiber ntau optic yog qhov zoo siab thiab muaj ntau haiv neeg. Integrated fiber optic sensors tuaj yeem tso cai saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv tas li, kev taw qhia meej, thiab kev siv lub tsev ntse. Li-Fi thev naus laus zis siv lub teeb los ntawm fiber ntau optics thiab LEDs xa cov ntaub ntawv wirelessly ntawm kev kub ceev. Cov cuab yeej siv tshuaj biomedical tshiab tuaj yeem siv fiber ntau optics kom nkag mus rau thaj chaw nyuaj hauv lub cev lossis txhawb cov hlab ntsha thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Quantum suav kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv fiber ntau optic txuas ntawm nodes.

Cov tsheb tsav tus kheej tuaj yeem siv fiber ntau optic gyroscopes thiab sensors los taug kev hauv kev. Kev nce qib hauv fiber ntau laser thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem txhim kho ntau yam kev tsim khoom xws li txiav, vuam, kos npe nrog rau riam phom laser. Wearable thev naus laus zis thiab virtual / augmented kev muaj tiag tshuab tuaj yeem suav nrog cov duab fiber ntau optic thiab cov khoom siv nkag rau kev paub dhau los. Cias muab, lub peev xwm fiber ntau optic tau pab txhawb kev tsim kho tshiab hauv yuav luag txhua qhov chaw thev naus laus zis.

Raws li fiber ntau optic tes hauj lwm tau nce kev sib txuas thiab kev koom ua ke rau hauv kev tsim kho thoob ntiaj teb, yav tom ntej muaj peev xwm yog ob qho tib si hloov pauv thiab yuav luag tsis muaj kev txwv. Kev txhim kho tsis tu ncua ntawm tus nqi, kev ua tau zoo, thiab kev muaj peev xwm yuav ua rau cov tshuab fiber ntau optic txuas ntxiv txhawb kev hloov pauv thiab txhim kho lub neej hauv ob qho tib si tsim thiab tsim cov cheeb tsam thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Lub peev xwm ntawm fiber ntau optics tseem tsis tau paub.

Kev nkag siab los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij

Kev xam phaj nrog cov kws kho qhov muag fiber ntau muab kev paub ntau yam nyob ib puag ncig kev siv thev naus laus zis, kev coj ua thiab cov lus qhia tau kawm los ntawm ntau xyoo dhau los. Cov kev xam phaj hauv qab no qhia txog cov lus qhia rau cov tshiab rau kev lag luam nrog rau cov thawj coj thev naus laus zis tsim cov ntaub ntawv sib txuas.

Kev xam phaj nrog John Smith, RCDD, Senior Consultant, Corning

Q: Cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis dab tsi cuam tshuam rau fiber ntau tes hauj lwm?

A: Peb pom kev xav tau ntau ntxiv rau fiber ntau hauv cov chaw cov ntaub ntawv, wireless infrastructure thiab cov nroog ntse. Kev loj hlob bandwidth nrog 5G, IoT thiab 4K / 8K video yog txhawb nqa fiber ntau xa tawm ...

Q: Dab tsi yuam kev koj feem ntau pom?

A: Kev pom tsis zoo rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv network yog ib qho teeb meem tshwm sim. Ua tsis tiav daim ntawv lo thiab taug qab fiber ntau thaj vaj huam sib luag, kev sib tshuam thiab cov ntsiab lus kawg ua rau txav / ntxiv / hloov sijhawm siv sijhawm thiab pheej hmoo ...

Q: Cov lus qhia dab tsi koj yuav muab cov neeg tuaj tshiab rau kev lag luam?

A: Tsom ntsoov rau kev kawm tsis tu ncua. Khwv tau ntawv pov thawj dhau qhov nkag-qib los txhawb koj qhov kev txawj ntse. Sim kom tau txais kev paub hauv cov nroj tsuag sab hauv thiab sab nraum cov nroj tsuag fiber ntau xa tawm... Kev sib txuas lus muaj zog thiab cov ntaub ntawv kev txawj ntse yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm. Xav txog ob qho tib si cov ntaub ntawv chaw thiab telco / cov chaw muab kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb los muab txoj hauv kev ua haujlwm ntau dua ...

Q: Cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws yuav tsum ua raws li txhua tus kws tshaj lij?

A: Ua raws li cov qauv kev lag luam rau tag nrho cov txheej txheem kev teeb tsa thiab kev sim. Saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb kom raug. Ua tib zoo sau thiab sau koj cov haujlwm ntawm txhua kauj ruam. Siv cov cuab yeej ua tau zoo thiab cov cuab yeej ntsuas kom haum rau txoj haujlwm. Khaws cov fiber ntau thiab cov khoom sib txuas kom huv si-txawm tias cov kab mob me me ua rau muaj teeb meem loj. Xav txog ob qho kev xav tau tam sim no nrog rau yav tom ntej scalability thaum tsim tshuab ...

xaus

Fiber optic cabling muab lub hauv paus ntawm lub cev rau kev sib kis cov ntaub ntawv ceev uas ua rau peb lub ntiaj teb txuas ntxiv. Kev nce qib hauv optical fiber ntau thiab cov cuab yeej thev naus laus zis tau nce bandwidth thiab scalability thaum tsav cov nqi, tso cai rau kev siv ntau dua thoob plaws hauv xov tooj mus ntev, cov ntaub ntawv chaw thiab cov hauv nroog ntse.

Cov peev txheej no tau npaj los qhia cov neeg nyeem txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm fiber ntau optic los ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev teeb tsa thiab cov qauv yav tom ntej. Los ntawm kev piav qhia txog yuav ua li cas kho qhov muag fiber ntau ua haujlwm, cov qauv thiab hom muaj, thiab cov kev teeb tsa nrov nrov, cov neeg tshiab tuaj yeem nkag siab txog kev xaiv rau kev sib txuas lus sib txawv. Kev sib tham txog kev txiav tawm, kev sib txuas thiab kev tsim txoj hauv kev muab cov kev xav tau rau kev siv thiab kev tswj xyuas.

Cov kev xav hauv kev lag luam qhia txog cov ntawv thov tshiab ntawm fiber ntau rau 5G wireless, IoT thiab video nrog rau kev txawj thiab cov tswv yim los txhawb koj txoj haujlwm. Thaum fiber ntau optic tes hauj lwm xav tau kev paub tseem ceeb thiab kev raug tsim los tsim thiab xa tawm, cov khoom plig ntawm kev nkag tau sai rau cov ntaub ntawv ntau dua nyob rau qhov ntev kom ntseeg tau tias fiber ntau tsuas yog txuas ntxiv mus rau qhov tseem ceeb.

Txhawm rau kom ua tiav qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm fiber ntau network yuav tsum xaiv cov khoom haum rau koj qhov kev xav tau bandwidth thiab kev ncua deb, txhim kho nrog kev saib xyuas kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem poob lossis kev puas tsuaj, sau cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog, thiab npaj ua ntej kom muaj peev xwm nce thiab cov qauv cabling tshiab. Txawm li cas los xij, rau cov neeg uas muaj kev ua siab ntev thiab kev txawj ntse los ua kom paub nws qhov nyuaj, txoj haujlwm tsom mus rau kev sib txuas ntawm fiber ntau tuaj yeem nthuav dav kev lag luam network, tsim cov khoom lag luam lossis kev cob qhia cov txuj ci tshiab thoob plaws kev lag luam.

Hauv cov ntsiab lus, xaiv cov kev daws teeb meem fiber ntau optic uas haum rau koj lub network thiab kev txawj ntse. Nruab, tswj, thiab ntsuas koj cov kev sib txuas fiber ntau kom tau txais txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb nrog kev cuam tshuam tsawg. Khaws kev kawm txog kev siv technology thiab kev tsim kho tshiab los tsim kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Fiber pab txhawb peb lub neej yav tom ntej, ua kom muaj kev sib pauv ntaub ntawv tam sim ntawm ntau tus neeg, qhov chaw thiab khoom dua li yav dhau los. Rau cov ntaub ntawv ceev ceev xa mus thoob ntiaj teb kev sib txuas lus, fiber ntau kav ob qho tib si tam sim no thiab rau ntau xyoo tom ntej.